Analysis of Oil Sealing in Gear Pump of Loader

"Gear pump pumping oil", that is, the hydraulic oil breaks through the skeleton oil seal and overflows. This phenomenon is ubiquitous. The main engine factory strongly reflects that the gear pump oil seriously affects the normal operation of the loader and the reliability of the gear pump and the environmental pollution. To facilitate the solution of the problem, the causes and control methods of the oil pump oil seal oil leakage are analyzed.
1. Impact of parts manufacturing quality.
(1) The quality of the seal.
If the geometric shape of the oil seal lip is not qualified, the tightening spring is too loose, etc., resulting in leakage of the airtightness test. After the gear pump is installed in the main unit, the oil is pumped. At this point should replace the seal and test material and geometry (domestic oil seal and foreign advanced oil seal compared to a larger quality gap).
(2) Gear pump processing and assembly.
If there is a problem with the processing and assembly of the gear pump, the center of rotation of the gear shaft and the front cover may not be the same, resulting in partial wear of the oil seal. At this time, the symmetry and displacement of the pin hole of the front cover bearing hole and the coaxiality of the bearing oil hole to the bearing hole should be checked.
(3) Seal ring material and processing quality.
If there is such a problem, the seal ring will be cracked and scratched, resulting in lax seal or even failure, and the pressure oil will enter the skeleton seal (low pressure channel), so the oil seal will be oil. At this point should check the seal ring material and processing quality.
(4) Processing quality of the variable speed pump.
The feedback information from the main engine plant and the gear pump oil seal assembly that is assembled with the variable speed pump are more serious, so the processing quality of the variable speed pump also has a greater impact on the oyster sauce. The variable speed pump is installed on the output shaft of the transmission, and the gear pump is positioned on the output shaft of the transmission through the positioning of the variable speed pump port. If the end of the variable speed pump faces the overturning (verticality) of the gear rotation center, it will also Make the gear shaft rotation center and the oil seal center do not coincide and affect the seal. In the process of variable-speed pump machining and trial manufacture, check the concentricity of the center of the rotary center and the runout of the end face of the stop.
(5) The front cover oil return passage between the CBG gear pump skeleton oil seal and the seal ring is not smooth, causing the pressure to increase here, thereby breaking through the skeleton oil seal. After improving here, the pump's oleophobic phenomenon has been significantly improved. Its structure is shown in Figure 1.
2. The effect of gear pump and mainframe installation quality.
(1) The installation requirements of the gear pump and the host must be less than 0.05.
Usually the working pump is installed in the variable speed pump, and the variable speed pump is installed in the transmission. If the end of the gearbox or the variable speed pump faces the center of rotation of the spline shaft, the overshoot will cause an accumulated error, which will cause the gear pump to bear a radial force in a high-speed rotation state, resulting in an oil seal.
(2) Whether the installation gap between components is reasonable.
The outer end of the gear pump and the inner end of the variable speed pump, the outer spline of the gear pump and the inner spline of the transmission spline shaft, and whether the clearance fit between the two are reasonable, all affect the gear pump oil. Because the inner and outer ribs belong to the positioning part, the fit clearance should not be too large; the inner and outer splines belong to the transmission part, and the fitting gap should not be too small to eliminate the interference.
(3) Gear pump oil is also related to its splined roller keys.
Due to the short contact length between the gear pump shaft extension spline and the output shaft of the gearbox, the torque transmitted by the gear pump during operation is large, and the spline bears large torque, resulting in squeezing wear and even rolling, resulting in huge heat. , resulting in the skeleton seal rubber lip burns, aging, resulting in oyster sauce. It is suggested that the strength of the extended spline of the gear pump shaft should be checked when the gear pump is selected by the engine manufacturer to ensure sufficient effective contact length.
3. Effect of hydraulic oil.
(1) The cleanliness of the hydraulic oil is very poor, the pollution particles are large, and various hydraulic control valves and sticky sand and welding slag in the pipeline are also one of the causes of pollution.
Because the diameter of the shaft of the gear shaft and the gap in the inner ring of the seal ring are small, the large solid particles in the oil enter therebetween, resulting in wear, scratches, or rotation of the inner bore of the seal ring, resulting in the secondary sealed pressure oil entering the low pressure area ( Skeleton oil seals), causing oil seal breakdown, should be filtered or replaced with new anti-wear hydraulic oil.

(2) After the viscosity of the hydraulic oil drops and deteriorates, the oil becomes thin. Under the condition that the gear pump is under high pressure, the leakage through the secondary seal gap increases, and the oil in the low pressure area rises due to the delay of oil return, causing the oil seal to break down. It is recommended to regularly test the oil and use anti-wear hydraulic oil.

(3) When the main engine overload working time is too long and the oil level of the tank is low, the oil temperature may rise to 100°C, resulting in thinning of the oil and aging of the lip seal of the frame oil seal, thereby causing helium oil; regular inspection of the tank fluid Face height, avoid oil temperature too high.

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