Motor system in medical technology

[Abstract]: In Europe, at least 50,000 patients die each year from infections in hospitals. For this alarming number, in early 2008, the German Hospital Health Association (DGKH) highlighted the danger of this increasingly difficult topic: hospitals There are more and more bacteria resistant to antibiotics, and surgical tools in the operating room also need to be hygienic.
[Key words]: air motor, depai, medical tools
In Europe, at least 50,000 patients die each year from infections in hospitals. For this alarming number, in early 2008, the German Hospital Health Association (DGKH) highlighted the danger of this increasingly difficult topic: there are antibiotics in hospitals. There are more and more drug-resistant bacteria, and surgical tools in the operating room also need to be hygienic.

Today, many surgical and orthopedic operations require medical power tools such as drill presses, saws or milling machines. For example, in plastic surgery, a drill press and a screwdriver are used to secure the fractured bone to the steel plate; and, in the field of prosthetics, the bone surface is cleaned by using an actual irrigation system to achieve an optimal bone cement interface.

After the operation is completed, the tool must be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected. Therefore, steam sterilization is the most common method of microbial elimination in hospitals and clinical practice.

Surgical tools use a variety of motors, battery drives and electric motors with cables to compete with pneumatic drive systems. However, not every drive is suitable for steam sterilization. Products to be sterilized must be treated with pure saturated steam at temperatures up to 134 degrees Celsius, which interacts with all surfaces of the pre-cleaning tool.

Modern air motors are well suited for steam sterilization, however, electric motors are often at risk of short circuits. The battery may be damaged by steam treatment in the autoclave or it can be charged outside the operating room and is therefore still non-sterile. This is a significant disadvantage compared to compressed air systems because the compressed air system is completely sterile and can be placed next to the operating table for later use.

Depp Schultz GmbH & Co., Ltd. in Amberg is a renowned expert in the manufacture of high quality pneumatic motors. The design series 67 in the stainless steel pneumatic vane motor solution includes a motor that is easily steam sterilized, making it ideal for applications. In the field of medical technology. The motor spindles of this series are also made of high quality stainless steel, corrosion-resistant cleaners, all motors are completely sealed and air cannot leak out. The internal overpressure of the pneumatic drive tool prevents dust from invading and is a distinct advantage when used in a clinical setting.

In addition, the motor structure used in the medical industry with a smooth surface design has also attracted great attention. In this way, cleaning is easy and helps to establish a sound sanitation environment. Medical power tool manufacturers need high-quality drives that meet the high demands of the market. Therefore, Depai stainless steel vane motors are the first choice for medical power tool manufacturers.

The working principle of the air motor is very simple, and the air generated by the compressor causes the motor to start rotating. The working principle of the vane motor is as follows: the rotor in the eccentric cylinder starts to move, and the centrifugal force pushes the vane in the slot to the outside of the cylinder wall, thus forming a working chamber for the compressed air, and the compressed air expansion converts the pressure energy into Kinetic energy, the rotation movement is thus produced.

What other requirements do surgeons with modern surgical tools have? The powerful compact motor should be able to drive the drill to the left and right to cut the wire (speed is about 800 rpm, torque up to 450 Nm), jigsaw and oscillating saw (working speed is about 16.000 rev / min), and bone grinding equipment (speed It is about 250 rpm and the torque is up to 14 Newton meters). The tool should be light and conform to the ergonomics of the hand. After all, sometimes the operation lasts for several hours.

Experts estimate that in the United States, approximately one-quarter of surgical motor-driven tools are driven by air motors, primarily because air motors can be easily connected to existing hospital ventilation networks. Hospitals in Germany and hospitals in other European countries have largely included compressed air infrastructure, which is simple to repair and has low maintenance costs, so there is no doubt that the operating room will use this air. Driven tool. Modern battery charging systems use lithium ions and have a longer life than previous battery technologies, so modern battery charging systems are indeed very reliable. However, compared to the performance of the battery system, no matter how long the operation time is, the pneumatic power is supplied infinitely.

Another big disadvantage of electric motors is that when the load is applied, the motor heats up and the heat is not easily lost. All electrical systems can usually heat up under constant loading. Therefore, in order to avoid overheating of the system and damage to patients or users, a cooling period must be observed. For pneumatic systems, this is not the same: “The operation of the air motor eliminates the possibility of overheating,” explains Dagmar Hierl, product manager at Dessert Schultz GmbH, “by decompression, air It really makes the motor cool down when it is loaded."

The air motor can be loaded until it is smashed without problems and without any damage. After the load is reduced, even during high load cycles, there are no problems with numerous rebounds as needed. Therefore, pneumatically driven tools are very safe and reliable.

The performance of the air motor is almost constant even at high speeds, so it can be optimally operated in a wide range of variable loads. The speed can be controlled smoothly by the amount of throttling air, and the surgeon can easily adapt the required motor performance to the specific surgical conditions so that the surgeon can set the performance of the pump of the irrigation system to the bone of the patient. The density is compatible.

The main advantage of using a pneumatic motor as a drive is the high performance density, which is designed to require only one-fifth or one-third the size of a standard electric motor. Surgical tools should be convenient, small, and very efficient, and it is understandable to consider millimeter-accurate applications in a limited area of ​​operation. Made of stainless steel with integrated planetary gears and 400 watts of power, the Depai series of air motors are only 61 mm long and only 32 mm in diameter.

In the operating room, the drive must be able to operate under non-lubricated conditions, such as in food or chemical industries. This is completely problem-free for the German air motor, because the blades of the Depai air motor are low-cost wear parts and need to be exchanged from time to time. For non-lubricated surgery in cleanrooms, manufacturers supply specialized blades for this purpose. The benefits of this low maintenance cost are self-evident, especially compared to battery-driven motors, because the purchase of new batteries is a cost factor in system maintenance and should not be underestimated. In contrast, pneumatic drives are powerful, flexible, and can be repaired multiple times at low cost.

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