As we all know, corn and wheat stalks can be turned into good palatability micro-feeds after they have been treated with a microbial starter. However, this is only biotechnology. The convenience of the production methods is the key to the promotion and application of the technology. The experimental and demonstration micro-storage mechanization technology of the Beijing Agricultural Machinery Testing and Appraisal Promotion Station adopts special equipment to crush and smash the straw, spraying the bacteria solution (formed from the biological inoculum) and mixing it manually, and then using a baler to press 80 - About 100kg of high-density bales are then packed in special plastic bags and stored for 30 days before being fed. It solves the backward production problems of forage processing technology in the process of breeding of herbivorous animals such as cattle and sheep.
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I. Micro-mechanized technology and requirements
1. Applicable micro crops include crops such as corn stalks, wheat stalks and alfalfa with spikes or after harvesting. Operating environment requirements: There must be a three-phase power supply near the work site, with a power of at least 30 kW, close to the water source, a smooth ground at the job site, a certain area of ​​open-air material storage, and a 50m2 cement surface workshop at the machinery operation site, with no height from the ground. Should be less than 3.2m; the finished product storage site should be a high-rise, flat ground warehouse.
2, micro storage method and process, operation points
(1) Micro silage direct silage (fresh corn stalks, wheat straw or barnyardgrass, etc.); yellow storage methods (drying of crop stalks for a certain period of time); dry storage methods (after stalks are piled dry).
(2) Process straw crushed, uniformly sprayed with bacteria, baled, tied rope, bagged sealed, and stored.
(3) Operation points 1 Straw crush and rub. Using 9RC-700 type kneading machine, this machine adopts the mature technology of similar machines to develop and design, with reasonable structure, compactness, reliable performance, supporting power 15kW motor (can also be equipped with corresponding diesel engine), and can use green and yellow with moisture content below 70%. , Dry corn and other crop stalks are crushed and kneaded and processed into strands. After this process, the hard stem segments on the surface of the straw are destroyed, and the parts that can not be directly eaten by cattle and sheep are processed into good palatability feeds. Loss of its nutrient content facilitates the digestion and absorption of cattle and sheep. The productivity when processing green straw can reach 4-5t/h.
2 Addition of active bacteria: Put a small bag of bacteria into 200-300ml of water (warm water in winter) and stir and activate. Two hours later, the broth can be prepared; according to the moisture content of live raw materials, the broth is configured to make the microbe The moisture content of the material is controlled between 60% and 70%, and 1-1.2t of microbial feed can be produced per bag of active bacteria.
3 Bundles. Using the YD-110 forage baler, corn, wheat, rice, and other agricultural crop straws can be pressed into high-density straw after being added to the active bacteria. The moisture content of the compressed bales is 50% to 60. %, weight 80-100kg. Bale size: 80cm50cm40cm. The power of the baling press is 7.5kw. The working pressure of the hydraulic cylinder is 10t and the productivity is 6-8 bales/h. Baling equipment can also be used to beat hay bales. The rope is tied with special bales, and the bale is bundled under pressure from the baler.
4 bags. With a micro-plastic bag, the compacted bales are sealed and sealed. Do not scratch the bag when bagging.
3. Precautions During operation and handling, ensure that the sealed bag is not scratched, the bag is tied tightly, and it is not loose; the crushing equipment tries to use a kneading machine to ensure the quality of micro storage; ensure that the plastic bag is not bitten by the mouse during storage. .
Second, the advantages of micro storage mechanization technology
1, long operation period, wide adaptability, easy storage, 6-8 months of each year, storage and storage of wheat straw; from September to April of next year, can be processed and stored corn and other crop stalks, can be said that all year round Production, high equipment utilization; micro-storage technology for a wide range of materials, regardless of fresh, semi-dry, fully dry crop stalks can be micro-storage, other storage methods can not be compared.
2, equipment investment, adaptability to buy a set of micro-storage equipment only 10,000 -2 million, a family can afford it, to adapt to various sizes of farming communities and individual farming households can also use the technology The equipment is socialized and engaged in the professional processing of feed storage.
3. Microbial feed has good palatability, high feed intake and high digestibility. After micro-storage of straw, it can make coarse straw soft, and has an acid smell, stimulates the appetite of livestock, thus increasing the feed intake, increasing Meat and milk production and quality.
4. The economic benefit is good. The processing cost of the micro-enriched feed for increasing income and enrichment is about 160 yuan/t, and 210 yuan for each ton of micro-preserved feed; the profit for processing 1 ton of micro-preserved feed is 40-50 yuan. A set of equipment processing 500t per year calculation, annual profit of 20,000 yuan. The production cost of micro-feeds is slightly higher than the cost of cellar storage, but the cellar storage has a loss of 20% to 30%, and the loss of micro-repositories is almost zero; the cost of micro-feeds is much lower than the cost of wrapping silage, and the feed quality and packaging Bag silage is close.
