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One, Trichoderma threatens the growth of mushrooms, Trichoderma most threatening. Trichoderma, also known as green mold, is widely distributed in various plant residues, soil and air. Trichoderma spread by spores, often through the air, water droplets, insects, raw materials, tools and operators of the hands, clothing and other media, invade the medium, once the conditions are appropriate to germination and reproduction damage. Trichoderma has strong adaptability and rapid propagation. It can secrete toxins and inhibit the growth of the mycelium of the mushroom. Trichoderma can also grow on the mycelium of the shiitake mushroom, which weakens the growth potential, so that the cells of the shiitake mushroom can be dissolved and died. When the production environment is not clean, the sterilization of culture materials is not thorough, the inoculation operation is not strict, and in high temperature and high humidity conditions, it will give opportunities for the infection of Trichoderma, especially the mushroom field and old mushroom shed for many years, often it is Trichoderma Sites where the damage is caused.
Trichoderma has no ideal radical drug so far. Therefore, the creation of an ecological environment suitable for the growth of mycelium of mycelium is not conducive to the reproduction of Trichoderma, and it is the fundamental measure to control the damage. In the event of trichoderma damage, it is necessary to immediately ventilate and reduce humidity in order to suppress the expansion of Trichoderma. After the culture material in the fungus stage is infected, the injection of liquid can be used to suppress the expansion of Trichoderma. The commonly used liquid is 5%. Stone carbonic acid, 2% formaldehyde, 1:200-fold 50% carbendazim, 75% thiophanate-methyl, and lime water with a pH of 10, in addition, the ash surface was sprinkled to the pollution site, and the control effect was also good.
2. The growth stage of Trichoderma sp. was villous, white or gray at the beginning of growth, and it was pink and yellow at the late stage of growth. In the case of a large number of conidial piles, the appearance is similar to that of the Hericium erinaceus fruit body. The Streptomyces spp. is mainly contaminated and is the most important bacterium in the high temperature season.
The spores of Streptomyces sp. are strong and have the characteristics of rapid reproduction. Once they occur, they are the catastrophe. The consequence is that the strains, culture bags or culture blocks are scrapped in batches. To prevent Streptomyces, we must first avoid the production of high temperature seasons. The temperature of the mushrooms during the fungus stage is preferably controlled below 20°C, so that the growth of the cladospores is slow and the pollution can be reduced. The dampness of the mushroom germination site is conducive to the occurrence of Trichoderma, so controlling the humidity in the germination site can effectively prevent the occurrence of Streptomyces. The control of Trichoderma spp. can be controlled with reference to Trichoderma spp. When the fungus bag is produced, if it is found, the diesel oil will be dripped on the conidia group to prevent the spread of the cladosporium. After the bacterial bag bacteria are infected, they should not be lightly scrapped. The infected bacteria bag can be buried in a soil with a poor air permeability of 30 cm to 40 cm. After 10 days to 20 days of anoxic treatment, the disease can be effectively reduced. Still can be fruity.
Third, Mucor mucor, also known as Mucor lanuginosa, the initial hyphae white, after the gray to black, indicating a large number of mature sporangia. The bacteria are found everywhere in soil, feces, grasses and air. It has a high incidence of high temperature, high humidity, and poor ventilation. Mucor mycelium can extend about 3 cm per day, and the growth rate is significantly higher than that of shiitake mushrooms.
The main cause of mucor growth was the use of moldy raw materials in the substrate. The inoculation environment contained more mucor spores and hyphae culture in a boring wet environment. Mucor was spread rapidly during the cultivation of mycelia of Lentinus edodes. It spreads quickly and fills the substrate within a few days. The damaged mycelia of the shiitake mushroom grow slowly and is difficult to reach. Although it eventually reaches all parts of the substrate, the mushroom mycelium Nothing normal white, but grayish yellow.
The fundamental measure against the damage of mucor is not to use moldy raw materials, try to eliminate mucor spores in the inoculation environment and do well in ventilation and dehumidification. After the culture material in the germination stage is infected, the control method is the same as that of the Trichoderma
Edible mushroom disease
Mold in the process of mushroom production, vulnerable to a variety of mold hazards, if the prevention and treatment will make mushroom cultivation into a vicious circle, so it must be given great attention.