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According to the Hong Kong Ta Kung Pao, Tao Qian, a professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong Medical School, has discovered at least 20 tumor suppressor genes exclusively from patients, such as serum, sputum, and feces. For example, epigenetic abnormalities of tumor suppressor genes can be judged as early cancer. . This method can detect lung cancer and liver cancer two to three years in advance, and can reduce the mortality rate of cervical cancer to zero. It is expected to "benefit" Hong Kong citizens within three to five years.
Cancer is the number one killer in Hong Kong. According to data released by the International Union Against Cancer, by the year of 2030, there will be 26 million new cancer cases each year, and the number of cancer deaths will reach 17 million. According to the 2008 data, more than 9,000 people die of cancer each year in Hong Kong, accounting for more than 30% of the total death toll in Hong Kong.
Tao Qian said that it takes 20 to 40 years for cancer cells to be produced. Many cancers are discovered in the late stage, which is equivalent to being sentenced to “death penaltyâ€. “At present, chemical and radiotherapy are only effective for early cancer, so early diagnosis is the survival of patients. "The key." He pointed out that the key to discovering early cancer is to find out five hundred tumor suppressor genes in the human body. "These genes usually play a protective role. Once epigenetic abnormalities, they lose their function, so they can detect whether their epigenetics Abnormalities to determine if there is an early stage cancer. If the patient is at the end of the period, there will be more epigenetic abnormalities."
Epigenetic abnormalities of tumor cells not only help to identify new tumor suppressor genes, but also provide non-invasive tumor-specific markers for molecular diagnosis, and then use deoxynucleotidyl methyltransferase inhibitors to reverse tumor suppressor genes. Methylation, which in turn restores normal cell growth regulation or induces tumor cell apoptosis, thereby establishing a new epigenetic cancer treatment.
Tao Qian said that these abnormal markers can be detected from the serum, sputum, saliva, feces or other fluids of cancer patients. "At present, one hundred to two hundred tumor suppressor genes have been found in the world, of which 20 to 30 are exclusively discovered by Zhongda University, including RASALL and PCDH10." Seven to eighty percent of cancers can be detected by this molecular level marker. At present, only 20% of routine disease tests can be completed by DNA genetic mutation.
Tao Qian revealed that the method of epigenetic molecular markers can detect lung cancer and liver cancer two to three years earlier, and cervical cancer will no longer be fatal. He predicts that the cost of this new test will be about 2,000 to 2,000 yuan. The patient will only know the results in three days. The United States has taken the lead in applying this method to the clinic. Hong Kong is expected to be implemented within three to five years. He suggested that high-risk groups should undergo regular physical examinations, such as those with smoking and drinking habits, or family history. People over the age of 50 should also undergo regular physical examinations to detect early treatment.