Rice is one of the major grain crops in Sichuan. The annual planting area is about 33 million mu, accounting for 30% of the grain sown area, and the total output is about 34 billion kilograms, accounting for 50% of the total annual grain output. Indica rice is an important part of rice production, and glutinous rice is a traditional non-staple food of the people and an indispensable raw material for food processing and brewing industry, and occupies a very important position in the people’s lives. In the late eighties of the province, the hybrid rice was widely promoted, and the yield of japonica rice was greatly increased, but the japonica rice production was relatively backward. The first was the aging of the varieties, mostly conventional varieties. Although the quality was better, the stems were higher and the resistance was poorer. Second, the cultivation is backward, the production is always cultivated in a net manner, and it is easy to fall. Especially in the past 10 years, the hazard of rice blast has been aggravating. The yield per mu rice is only about 350 kilograms, resulting in low economic benefit, and the planting area is decreasing year by year. At present, it is only about 400,000 mu, and it is difficult to meet the people's daily needs and food processing and brewing industry demand for glutinous rice. Moreover, due to the large amount of manpower, material resources, and financial resources invested in the prevention and control of rice blast each year, it also pollutes the agricultural environment and products and affects the ecological balance. In order to reduce rice blast disease damage to japonica rice and increase grain production, in 2002, the province's rice production to adjust the agricultural industry structure as an opportunity, adhere to the "market-oriented, technology-based, benefit-centered" guiding ideology, vigorously promote rice The hybrid technology is used to control paddy rice blast disease through the use of biodiversity principles. The hybrid rice is intercropped with conventional japonica rice. The province has an area of ​​5 million mu, the average yield of hybrid middle rice is 538 kg, and the average yield per mu is 48 kg. The total amount of 6,000 kilograms per mu is between the hybrids. Guang'an City promoted the intercropping area of ​​rice and rice to 256,600 mu, the average yield of hybrid mid-season rice was 550.9 kg, and the average yield of indica rice was 45.2 kg, which was 45.2 kg more than the yield of single-crop mid-season rice. Bazhou District Mingyang Township promotes a total of 1,870 mu of mixed crops, 55.9 kg of flat rice yield, 592.2 kg of hybrid rice, and a total yield of 648.1 kilograms per mu, compared to a net yield of 608 kg per mu for hybrid rice. Increase production by 40.1 kg, increase production by 6.6%, increase grain production by 74,897 kg in total, according to Hugu Valley, 1.5 yuan/kg, hybrid rice, 1.0 yuan/kg, intercropping, mu production value, 676.05 yuan, and net production, hybrid rice yield, 592.2 yuan, increase. The output value of 83.85 yuan, the township, only this increase in output value 15,6799.5 yuan. Zhang Heguang, a peasant in Sanyang Village, Mingyang Township, has planted 2 hectares of rice plants, 59.8 kilograms of japonica rice, 600.3 kilograms of hybrid rice per mu, and a total yield of 660.1 kilograms per mu. The effect of increasing production and income is very obvious. “Incredible crop yield increase between paddy rice and rice†is based on the principles of eco-agriculture. The use of cultivar diversity is beneficial to the selection of disease germs and the ecological theory of disease. According to the characteristics of different varieties, different ripening periods, and different plant heights of mid-season hybrid rice and japonica rice, Reasonable allocation makes the natural temperature and other natural resources of the plant group more multi-layered, thereby increasing the light and area and the accumulation of light and products, while the inter-planted rice blast disease is obviously controlled, which greatly reduces the loss of disease and realizes a new type of increase in production and income. The basic idea of ​​the paddy field cultivation method is to increase 50 kg of cereals and increase net income by 60 yuan without affecting the yield of hybrid rice. Production practice proves that the technology of intercropping and intercropping can increase the three-dimensional cultivation of rice fields, extend the cultivated area of ​​connotation, increase the utilization of temperature and light in rice fields, effectively control rice blast, achieve 70% control and prevention, protect biological and ecological environment, and reduce costs. Increase income and increase effective supply of rice. The key to hybrid rice cultivation technology lies in the use of time and space by Ji Tianqiao in the same quarter. First, the time difference between maturation and maturity (7-10 days), and the second is the height difference between stems and stems (15-20 cm), and the rational use of light and hot water. Air and soil fertilizer resources improve the planting efficiency per unit area of ​​paddy fields. 1. Select high-yielding varieties of roads, and do a good job of matching varieties. Improved varieties are the basis for high yields, and reasonable varieties and collocations are the key to the success of the technology for paddy rice mixed with rice. To stabilize the high yield of hybrid rice, the general selection is Gangyou 725, Gangyou 527, II You 7 and II You 838. D You 527, Jinyou 725 and others are of good quality, high yield, strong resistance, and mid-maturity or middle-maturity late varieties during the growing season.The japonica rice varieties should highlight “high one and short†and 15 cm or 20 cm higher than the hybrid rice stem , The fertility period is 7-10 days, the grain is round and round, the content of amylopectin is high, the tiller is strong, the early growth is fast, the stalk is round, and the lodging-resistant varieties, such as: Fuyou 101, dorsal aphid, and breadth No.1, Jingjing No.6, Gaogan Dagugu, Xinmin Temple, Chengyu24, Shengli Temple, South Chinatown, Jingyi No.1, Baofeng Zhenzhen, Xiangxiong 9014, Intercropping can form obvious stems. The structure of height difference, time difference, increase light and utilization, and achieve the goal of symbiosis. 2, timely sowing, simultaneous transplanting. The timely sowing of hybrid rice varieties, simultaneous sowing, and transplanting at the same time can make Honda grow at the same seedling growth and balance the growth, so as to ensure that indica rice matures about 7-10 days earlier than hybrid rice to avoid mixing and provide hybrid rice with late growth. Good environmental conditions increase the seed setting rate of hybrid rice. In addition to long-term indica, indica rice early sowing will also cause the seedlings to be higher than that of hybrid rice during transplanting, and the shade of the main cultivars is heavier, which is not conducive to the high yield of hybrid rice, the late sowing of the indica rice, and the seedling transplanting However, it is weak, susceptible to shade by the main cultivars, poor vegetative growth, fewer tillers, fewer panicles, fewer grains, and low yield, which is not conducive to high yield of japonica rice. The hybrid rice seedlings are suitable for dry seedlings, and the japonica rice seedlings are for two seedlings. It is advisable to carry out separate education. Generally, 1.25 kg of hybrid rice and 0.25 kg of japonica rice are used to grow seedlings. The glutinous rice is susceptible to disease. Before seedlings, strong chlorine or Legoli should be used to disinfect the seeds. During the breeding period, the seedbed management should be strengthened to cultivate multiple crops. Strong and strong. 3, fine soil preparation, scientific fertilization. Putian asked Tian Ping to have a slimy soil. For fertilization, he insisted on using organic fertilizer as the main ingredient, and applied appropriate quantitative fertilizer. Generally, 1500-2000 kg of rotten organic fertilizer is used in Mu, 20-30 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 25 kg of superphosphate, and 20 kg of potassium fertilizer. The fertilization method uses a bottom-recovery fertigation method with a small amount of topdressing fertilizer. Generally, the bottom fertilizer accounts for 70%, the topdressing 20%, and the supplementary fertilizer 10%. 4, standard cultivation, reasonable close planting. The yield of hybrid rice cultivars depends on whether the planting density is reasonable or not, and the density of indica rice intercropping is too thin. Although the yield of hybrid rice is not affected, the yield cannot be increased. The planting density of indica rice is too large. However, the yield is increased, but the hybrid rice The yield is affected. According to the results of many years of agricultural technology stations in Shuangliu and Hejiang counties in our province, the results of the trials were based on the techniques of intercropping and planting. The indica rice was planted with 1100-1200 litters per acre, and two plants per litter were planted with 3-4 plants per plant and basic plantlets 8000. - 10,000 seedlings; about 16,000 litters per mu, and the total number of rice per mu controlled between 1.7 and 18,000 litters, which does not affect the yield of hybrid rice, but also yields higher yields of japonica rice, which is more reasonable Intercropping group structure. Adhere to the simultaneous planting of hybrid rice and japonica rice and planting in the field, and prepare the tricyclic azole dipping treatment before planting, so that the transplanting with the drug, the directional transplanting of the hybrid rice in a wide and narrow way, 17 (17+34) cm in size, mu planting 16,000 litters Left and right, each planted two plants, four rows and four rows of japonica rice were planted in two rows at intervals, with 1.5-foot retreats, 1,000-1200 litters of glutinous rice, and 3-4 seedlings. Plant plots were planted at a distance of 3.3 meters, line width 33 centimeters, indica rice was planted in rows, the spacing was 25 centimeters, 1000-1200 litters of rice were planted in acres, and japonica was used to throw hybrid rice. 5. Strengthen field management. In the paddy field, the leaf area coefficient is higher than that of the net hybrid rice or net rice, so strengthening the water management, controlling the inefficient tillering of rice, and achieving a suitable leaf area coefficient are of great significance, and reducing the risk of sheath blight It has a positive effect. Therefore, it is necessary to adhere to shallow-water planting, thin moisture planting, deep-water control, and wet grouting, as well as the application of tillering fertilizer to increase the tillering success rate. 6, comprehensive prevention and control of pests and diseases. It is necessary to focus on strengthening the damage to rice blast, sheath blight, and aphid. Since japonica rice has weak resistance to rice blast, intercropping it with Tanaka, japonica rice can easily become a source of rice blast disease, so it must be controlled. The hybrid rice and japonica should be planted well before sowing. Seed treatment, prevention of serious wards, and prevention and control of the three cropping stages at the heading stage, attention should be paid to the frequent replacement of hybrid rice varieties with indica rice to avoid the emergence of dominant hybrid rice populations and to prevent and control the occurrence of rice blast. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of the sheath blight locusts and minimize the loss of pests and diseases. 7, timely harvest. Indica rice is 7-10 days earlier than hybrid rice. After maturity, the japonica rice should be harvested in time, and the method of harvesting single crops should be used to harvest and harvest the japonica rice. When harvesting japonica rice, pay attention to avoid artificial loss of hybrid rice, and ensure that fine grain is harvested and grain is returned to the grain.
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