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The double-cropping rice area is best to grow double-season rice to increase the total grain output. If it is impossible or unwilling to plant double-season rice for various reasons, it is better to plant one-season late rice. The growth season of late season rice was between mid-season and late-season, and the panicle was planted in late August. The best grouting period was September, and mature in early October. The sowing date is later than the season of japonica rice in the first season, and is 10 days to 15 days earlier than that of the late japonica rice in the double season. Seeds are planted from late May to early June and transplanted from mid-June to early July. The main points of cultivation techniques are:
1. Select varieties with good leaf type, good root system, strong growth, strong lodging resistance, long growth period, and large potential for yield increase, such as Liangyoupeijiu, Zhunliangyou 527, II Youji 58, II Excellent 838, Weiyou 111, Jinyou 217, Xinxiangyou 63, and Shanyou 111.
2. Putian land preparation is divided into compartments 3 to 5 days before sowing to remove field weeds and grasshoppers and fill in foot traces. After the application of basal fertilization, each 667 square meters of artificial excrement 100 kg of manure, phosphate fertilizer 20 kg to 30 kg, into the mud with the Pu roller. Hydroponic water treatment, after the mud, the leash segregation compartment, open a good car ditch and ditch, the car width 2 meters, the car ditch width 25 cm, ditch depth of 10 cm or so, the whole plane surface can be sown.
3. Putian sowing and management Seeds are coated with seed coating agents or seeded with uniconazole, or “paclobutrazol†is sprayed on 1 leaf with 1 heart. The sowing amount per hectare of 667 m2 is between 16 kg and 20 kg, the conventional variety per 667 m2 is 2 kg to 3 kg, the hybrid rice is 1 kg to 1.5 kg, and the ratio between Putian and Daejeon is 1:7. 8. Diluted broadcast, uniform broadcast. When sowing seeds, the seeds should be weighed so as to ensure uniform sowing. After sowing, the mud collapsed and the valley was not visible. Before emergence, wet irrigation was used until the 2-leaf stage, water was drained on cloudy days, water was drained on rainy days, and horse water was poured on sunny days sooner or later (battery should not be pumped before and after noon). At the same time, it is necessary to prevent harm to the squirrels. The seedlings apply 2 to 2.5 kilograms of urea per 667 square meters during the first leaf stage to the second leaf stage for weaning fertilizer. Four to five kilograms of urea are applied every 667 square meters for transplanting for forty-five days prior to transplanting. . Wet seedlings should be used, and the amount of fertilization in Putian should not be excessive. It is advisable to use no more than 5 kg of pure nitrogen per 667 square meters.
4. Transplantation Based on the characteristics of tillers of different breeds, determine the appropriate number of basic seedlings. In general, the number of basic seedlings per 667 square meters is 50,000 to 70,000 seedlings for conventional rice and 50,000 seedlings for hybrid rice.
5. Fertilization in field application of base fertilizer, re-appropriation of sub-fertilizer, suitable Shi strong seed fertilizer, jointing period and spike differentiation period of fertilization. General basal fertilization per 667 square meters of farmyard manure 500 kilograms to 750 kilograms, ammonium bicarbonate and phosphate 40 kilograms each, after transplanting 5 days to 7 days combined with chemical weeding per 667 square meters of urea, potash 5 kilograms each ~ 8 Kilograms for fertilizer. Every 667 square meters of direct seeding field in the 2 leaf stage and 4 leaf stage each applies urea, potash 3 kg to 5 kg as the tiller, and later see seedling supplement urea or potassium dihydrogen phosphate as the grain fertilizer, the first ear period of 667 square meters Fill a pack (50 grams) of grain with 50 kg of water.
6.Scientific management of water management in the water, with oxygenation ventilation, rooting and rooting as the center, trying to enhance the root activity, in addition to the booting period, heading period to heading phase to maintain shallow water, the rest of the time to keep the field moist Mainly dry and wet to mature. Water is cut off from 5 days to 7 days before harvest, and the roots are protected against premature decline.
7. Chemical weeding After transplanting for 3 days to 6 days, use 10% au wettable powder 10 grams to 20 grams per 667 square meters, and spread fine soil 20 kilograms evenly all over the field. Or 5 days to 7 days after transplanting, spread the whole field with 667 square meters with 20% Zhan Jia Han WP and 25 grams fine soil 20 Kg. Keep 3 cm to 5 cm deep in the water layer after application for 7 days.
8. Prevention and control of pests and diseases In the late season, rice fields are the bridges of double-season rice and insect pests, and the occurrence of insect pests is heavy. Special attention should be paid to prevention and control. Based on pest prediction and forecasting, the second-generation rice stem borers of the second generation and the third generation (or second generation) were mainly controlled at the time of delivery, and the second generation of second-generation rice stem borer was controlled at the early stage of booting and the fourth generation. (or 3rd generation) rice leaf roller and rice planthopper and sheath blight. In the late stage of booting, rice leaf curlers, rice planthoppers and sheath blight were mainly controlled and rice rot was prevented. Late attention to the prevention and control of rice borer and rice planthoppers. Prevention of rice planthoppers per 667 square meters with 20 grams of imidacloprid or bufalin 20 grams to 30 grams of 60 kg of water spray. Control of rice leaf roller, Sanhua rice dumplings, and stem borer can be sprayed with 50 ml of 60 kg of water per 667 square meters of verticit. Spraying 50 grams of water to 50 grams of Jinggangmycin per 667 square meters can be used to control sheath blight. For rice blast and rice smut disease, 120 grams of tricyclazole and 75 grams of rice disease are sprayed on 60 kg of water per 667 square meters.
Author: Hunan Provincial Department of Agriculture, Grain and Oil Crops Division
Seasonal rice cultivation techniques
In recent years, the cultivation area of ​​medium rice and one-season rice in our province has shown an increasing trend. The newly increased area is mainly concentrated in the double-cropping area. Some farmers did not fully understand the characteristics and ecological conditions of medium rice and one-season rice varieties. Due to the unreasonable sowing date arrangement, the heading and flowering period encountered high temperature and heat damage, which led to insemination and formation of empty grains. The yield was low and the quality of rice was poor.