The rapid growth of bacteria during the Spring Festival, and good management of disinfection is an important part of raising cattle. The following describes several commonly used disinfection methods for reference by farmers. Mechanical removal method. It is mainly through cleaning, scrubbing, ventilation, filtration and other mechanical methods to remove pathogens. Although this method is common and commonly used, it cannot achieve the purpose of thorough disinfection. As an auxiliary method, it must be performed in conjunction with other disinfection methods. Physical disinfection method. Use sunlight, ultraviolet rays, drying, high temperature, cooking and other methods to kill bacteria and viruses. Chemical disinfection method. Killing pathogens with chemical drugs is the most common method. The use of disinfecting drugs should consider bactericidal broad spectrum, effective concentration is low, the effect is fast, the effect is good; Second, harmless to humans and animals; Third, stable, soluble in water, not susceptible to organic matter and other physical and chemical factors; Fourth, easy to use , Cheap, easy to promote; Fifth, odorless, odorless, does not damage the items being disinfected; Sixth, the use of residual or less side effects. Biological disinfection method. Commonly used in this method will contaminate the feces accumulation fermentation, the use of thermophilic bacteria produce heat up to 70 °C above, after 1-2 months can be viruses, bacteria, parasite eggs and other pathogens to kill. However, this method is not suitable for epidemics caused by spore pathogens such as anthrax and emphysema. The feces of such epidemics should be burned or buried deeply. Regular disinfection. 2-4 times a year, at least once in the spring and autumn. All appliances in the barn should be disinfected once a month. The following drugs can be used to disinfect the cowshed floor and manure urine: 5% -10% hot alkaline water, 3% caustic soda, 3% -5% lesusol solution spray disinfection, etc., and 20% quicklime milk is used to paint the walls. Temporary disinfection. After cattle have been detected and discarded from cattle, brucellosis or other epidemic diseases, the cowsheds, utensils and sports grounds are subject to temporary disinfection. When brucellosis occurs in aborted cattle, the products and the contaminated sites and utensils must be completely sterilized. The excreta of diseased cattle should be piled up in a place farther away from the cowshed for biofermentation before they can act as fertilizer. The delivery room is sterilized once a month, and the delivery room is sterilized before and after the delivery of the production cows.
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The collected nasopharyngeal swab samples should be transported at 2°C to 8°C and sent for inspection immediately, and the sample delivery and storage time should not exceed 48 hours.
[Testing method]
1. Before sampling, mark the relevant sample information on the label of the sampling tube.
2. According to different sampling requirements, use a sampling swab to sample in the nasopharynx.
3. The specific sampling methods are as follows:
a) Nasal swab: Gently insert the swab head into the nasal palate, stay for a while and then slowly turn to exit. Wipe the other nostril with another swab, immerse the swab head in the sampling solution, and discard the tail.
b) Pharyngeal swab: Wipe bilateral pharyngeal tonsils and posterior pharyngeal wall with a swab, also immerse the swab head in the sampling solution, and discard the tail.
4. Quickly put the swab into the sampling tube.
5. Break the part of the sampling swab higher than the sampling tube, and tighten the tube cover.
6. Freshly collected clinical specimens should be transported to the laboratory within 48 hours at 2°C to 8°C.
[Explanation of test results]
After the sample is collected, the sampling solution turns slightly yellow, which will not affect the nucleic acid test result.
[Limitations of the test method]
1. For samples that are seriously contaminated due to improper storage after collection, the final test results will be affected.
2. If the sample is not stored at the specified temperature, the final test result will be affected.