Kong Fanpu: Strengthening Drug Abuse Monitoring

The State Food and Drug Administration held a newsletter on August 1, 2012 (Wednesday) at 1400, and Kong Fanpu, the Food and Drug Inspector of the Department of Drug Safety Supervision, released the 2011 annual report on the National Drug Abuse Monitoring Annual Report.

In the report, Secretary Kong said that a few days ago, the State Food and Drug Administration issued the “National Monitoring Report on Drug Abuse (2011)”. In 2011, the National Drug Abuse and Surveillance System collected a total of 158,000 drug abuse surveillance survey questionnaires. The main targets of surveillance were drug abusers who were admitted/receiving withdraw, such as compulsory drug treatment agencies, voluntary drug treatment agencies, and community drug maintenance and treatment organizations. By investigating and analyzing the situation of drug abusers, the characteristics and epidemiological trends of drug abuse in China are reflected from one aspect, providing basic data and decision-making reference for drug supervision and drug control.

The National Drug Abuse Monitoring Annual Report (2011) analyzes the overall situation of drug abuse monitoring in China in 2011, describes the status of drug abuse in China in 2011, and analyzes the monitoring data in recent years to indicate the changing characteristics of drug abuse in China. Predict the trend of drug abuse.

The report includes five aspects of the overall situation of monitoring data in 2011, the monitoring of new drug abusers, the monitoring of heroin abuse, the monitoring of new synthetic drug abuse, and the use and abuse of medical drugs.

In the annual report monitoring data, heroin and “ice” are still the main substance of abuse. The report shows that drug abuse in 2011 presented the following characteristics: First, the traditional drug abuse trend represented by heroin was relatively weakened, and the abuse of new synthetic drugs represented by “ice” was growing; second, about 40% of the monitoring population was Newly-discovered and newly-discovered drug abusers, among whom, the ratio of traditional drug use to the number of new synthetic drug abusers is 1:2.2; third, the proportion of drug use/abuse among drug abusers shows a year-on-year downward trend; and fourthly, drug abuse The problem of “multidrug abuse” among the population is more prominent. The report shows that the situation of drug abuse in China is still severe and it suggests that there are abuses of some undisclosed substances and drugs.

Monitoring data shows that the proportion of drug abusers using/abusing drugs continues to be low. In 2011, the use/abuse of medical narcotic drugs decreased by 0.3% compared with the same period last year, medical psychoactive drugs decreased by 3.7%, and other prescription drugs and over-the-counter drugs decreased by 0.9% compared with the same period of last year, among which the use/abuse of codeine combined with oral solution The ratio was 0.3%, a decrease of 0.5% over the same period last year.

After completing the annual report on national drug abuse monitoring in 2011, the reporter conducted an exclusive interview with him.

Reporter: What is drug abuse and drug abuse monitoring?

Kong Chongpu: Drug abuse refers to the repeated use of drugs with dependent properties or dependence potential. This drug is not related to the needs of recognized medical practice and is a drug for non-medical purposes. Drugs that are abused include non-medical preparations and pharmaceutical preparations. Drug abuse can lead to drug addiction, as well as other abnormal behavior, and can even cause serious public health and social problems. Drug abuse is different from what we usually refer to as the “abuse of antibiotics” and the unreasonable use of drugs.

Drug abuse monitoring is the principle and basic method of applying epidemiology. Through long-term, continuous and systematic collection of information on drug abuse and its influencing factors, research and analysis of drug abuse distribution characteristics and changing patterns, forecasting of fashion trends, and management of special drugs Anti-drug work provides technical support and decision-making basis. At present, the main targets of drug abuse surveillance in China are drug abusers who are admitted/received, such as compulsory drug treatment agencies, voluntary drug treatment agencies, and community drug maintenance and treatment institutions.

Reporter: What are the trends in the use/abuse rate of medical use of hemp drugs among drug abusers? What are the reasons for this trend?

Kong Fanpu: The 2011 drug abuse monitoring report shows that the proportion of the use/abuse of medical drugs in drug abusers has been declining year by year. In 2011, the use/abuse of medical narcotic drugs fell by 0.3% from the previous year in 2010, and medical psychotropic drugs decreased by 3.7% from the same period last year. Other prescription and non-prescription drugs decreased by 0.9% year-on-year, of which, the proportion of using/abusing cobuxine-containing oral solutions was 0.8% in 2010 and 0.3% in 2011, a decrease of 0.5% from the same period of last year.

These data from a side shows that a series of measures taken by the relevant government departments in China in recent years to strengthen the supervision of matrine drugs have achieved certain results. In 2005, the State Council promulgated the "Regulations on the Administration of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances," and the State Food and Drug Administration successively issued more than ten relevant supporting regulations and normative documents, which improved the management of experimental research, planting, production, operation and transportation. system.

In recent years, the food and drug regulatory authorities have always placed the safety management of Ma Jing as the most important task of supervision, taking effective measures, innovating regulatory means, and continuously strengthening the supervision of Ma Jing drugs. Establish a daily inspection system for production and operation enterprises, focus on supervising enterprises to implement a system of quality rights-holders, strengthen internal quality and safety management, and organize new special issues in accordance with regulatory requirements and new issues arising from regulatory The health departments adjusted the controlled varieties and categories to effectively curb emerging drug abuse problems; and electronic monitoring of the Essence of Ma Jing drugs enabled the traceability of the flow. At the same time, the relevant departments closely coordinated and multi-pronged approach. The health administrative departments strengthened the supervision of the use of hemp drugs, and the public security agencies intensified their anti-drug prevention publicity and crack down on drug-related crimes. Through the joint efforts of related departments, the order of the Ma Jing medicine market has been effectively regulated.

Reporter: The report stated that the abuse of new synthetic drugs represented by "ice poison" is increasing, while compound preparations containing ephedrine can be processed to produce methamphetamine. Does this mean that the current regulation of ephedrine-containing compound preparations needs to be strengthened and how can the loopholes be completely closed?

Kong Fanpu: In recent years, with the change in the drug situation, there have been problems in some areas of China where ephedrine-containing compound preparations have been used to make drugs through illegal channels. Ephedrine-containing compound preparations are commonly used drugs for clinical treatment of respiratory and respiratory diseases such as colds. They have many varieties and are widely used. If strict management measures are taken for such species, it will directly affect the public's demand for drugs. However, unscrupulous elements are driven by high interest, unscrupulous means, arbitrage purchase of ephedrine-containing compound preparations for the production of drugs, seriously disrupted the pharmaceutical market. In view of this situation, the food and drug regulatory authorities continuously intensified the supervision and inspection of the production and distribution links of ephedrine-containing compound preparations, standardized the production and operation of enterprises, rationally controlled the production of ephedrine-containing compound preparations, and strengthened the management of circulation links. The retail pharmacies have adopted limited sales measures; the ephedrine-containing compound preparations have been incorporated into electronic supervision; and the public security agencies have established a mechanism to investigate the source of seized drugs and severely investigated and dealt with enterprises that violated laws and regulations. Recently, the State Food and Drug Administration will implement prescription drug management on some ephedrine-containing compound preparations with high levels of ephedrine as part of their unit dose, and further strengthen management of ephedrine-containing compound preparations.

The food and drug supervision department will continue to combine new situations and new issues arising from the supervision work, continuously improve the management system, strengthen daily supervision and inspections, and pay close attention to the weak links, and prevent ephedrine-containing compound preparations on the basis of satisfying public drug use. Loss from medicinal channels.

Reporter: From the end of 2010, the national food and drug regulatory authorities began to implement electronic supervision of the compound solution containing codeine. From this year's monitoring report, does this measure have achieved remarkable results in curbing the abuse of codeine compound oral solution? For the phenomenon of partially misused prescription drugs from retail pharmacies, how should the supervision of retail pharmacies be strengthened to prevent loss from medicinal channels?

Kong Fanpu: In 2010, the State Food and Drug Administration included in the electronic regulation of some compound preparations containing special compounds such as codeine compound oral solutions to better grasp the sales flow of these medicines. With the continuous improvement of the functions of the drug electronic regulatory network, the effect of implementing electronic supervision on preventing the loss of such drugs from medicinal channels will gradually emerge. The proportion of use/abuse of codeine compound oral solutions was low at drug abusers, and showed a trend of steady decline from 0.8% in 2010 to 0.3% in 2011.

The food and drug supervision authorities continue to follow the regulations concerning drug classification management, and effectively strengthen supervision, and require pharmacies to strictly enforce the prescription sales of prescription drugs. If pharmacies are found not to be sold by prescription, they will be subject to administrative penalties such as warnings and fines to be revoked to the Pharmaceutical Trade License in accordance with the "Drug Administration Law." At the same time, food and drug regulatory authorities continue to strengthen the monitoring of the abuse of such products, and continuously improve and adjust management measures to cope with emerging new situations and new issues.

The food and drug supervision department reminded consumers, especially young people, to strictly follow the doctor's orders for use of drugs, such as overdose use will endanger the health of the body, especially some preparations containing anesthetic drugs, long-term overdose use is easy to produce dependence.

The food and drug supervision department also very much welcomes the supervision of the media and the general public. If it finds that the pharmacies have not implemented relevant prescriptions such as prescription drugs, they should promptly report to local food and drug regulatory authorities.

Reporter: Will the control of drug abuse cause inconvenience in the use of medical hemp drugs? How does the regulatory agency ensure that special drugs are managed and used?

Kong Fanpu: Ma Jing drugs are mainly used for analgesia, sedative hypnosis and anti-anxiety treatment, etc., and are indispensable drugs commonly used clinically. At present, the use of Maze drugs in China is still at a relatively low level. Not only is it far below the developed countries, but it also has a certain gap with the developing countries. The public's legitimate demand for drugs is still far from being met. The formulation of drug management policies must strike a balance between ensuring drug accessibility and preventing the loss of abuse, which is a common problem faced by the global drug regulatory authorities. After the "Regulations on the Administration of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances" was promulgated, the State Food and Drug Administration continued to improve the supply system for the supply of hematoxylin drugs, and appropriately introduced competition mechanisms under strict management conditions to improve the drug supply environment and ensure the accessibility of hemp drugs. At the same time, it actively cooperated with the public health department to carry out propaganda and training for the rational use of hemp drugs and further improve the level of clinically rational use of hemp drugs. It is the goal of our efforts to ensure that the fine and reliable medicines are used.

The prevention and control of drug abuse is a complex system project that involves prevention education, treatment and behavioral interventions, drug supervision, and the crackdown on illegal production and trafficking. It requires the participation of relevant departments and the entire society, and adopts comprehensive measures for governance.

The drug administration department also reminded the public to increase self-protection awareness, choose a healthy lifestyle, and consciously stay away from drug abuse.

Reporter: Recently, Taiwan media reported on the abuse of Ritalin on the island, saying that with the arrival of the test season, some parents have asked doctors to open Ritalin, a medicine for ADHD treatment, in order to improve the ability of candidates to learn. Does the breed have problems of abuse in mainland China?

Kong Chongpu: Ritalin is a drug for clinical treatment of ADHD. The media reported that parents hope to increase the concentration of candidates by taking Ritalin. The user is not aiming at the spiritual effect of drugs. It belongs to the category of irrational drugs, not us here. Said substance abuse.

Ritalin is a psychoactive drug and there are indeed abuse problems in some countries. According to China's drug abuse monitoring data, no reports of abuse/abuse of Ritalin among drug abusers have been found.

Reporter: The "12th Five-Year Plan" of the "National Drug Safety" proposes to establish an investigation mechanism for drug use by sensitive groups in the monitoring of the abuse of special drugs to provide technical services and guarantees for the supervision of special drugs. What are the so-called "sensitive groups"? What are the next steps China's food and drug regulatory authorities will take to improve monitoring networks and implement planning tasks?

Kong Fanpu: At present, drug abuse monitoring mainly monitors drug addicts receiving/receiving treatment at various types of drug treatment agencies, and monitors the situation of drug abuse in China through monitoring. At present, China is undergoing a period of social transformation and its lifestyle is diverse. Adolescents are in a period of physical and psychological development, they are curious, they are incompetent in terms of their abilities, and the lack of awareness of the harmful effects of drug abuse is the most vulnerable to drug abuse. Therefore, we use adolescents as sensitive populations for drug abuse monitoring. We are currently investigating the situation of drug abuse among adolescents in some provinces and gradually establishing a monitoring mechanism that can fully and objectively reflect the drug abuse situation in China.

In 1988, China started drug abuse monitoring. Up to now, drug abuse monitoring agencies have been set up in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) across the country, prefecture-level drug abuse monitoring agencies have been established in 20 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), and county-level drugs have been established in Yunnan, Fujian, Hunan and Gansu provinces. Abuse of monitoring stations, the nationwide drug abuse monitoring system has been gradually formed, and real-time and online direct reporting of monitoring data has been realized.

During the "12th Five-Year Plan" period, the food and drug supervision department will combine the actual situation of drug abuse monitoring to further strengthen the construction of drug abuse monitoring agencies, increase personnel training efforts, and strive to improve the quality of monitoring, improve the level of information management of monitoring data, enhance risk Early warning capabilities for the scientific supervision of Ma Jing medicine services.