Propionic acid and its salts: The most commonly used antifungal agents in feed, mainly have a significant inhibitory effect on mold, and also have a good inhibitory effect on Bacillus aerobic or Gram-negative bacteria, but on yeast The inhibitory effect of bacteria and other bacteria is weak. The amount of feed in the feed is generally about 0.3% based on propionic acid. Second, benzoic acid and sodium benzoate: It is an acid mildew-proofing agent. It is involved in metabolism in the body. It does not accumulate and has low toxicity. It is suitable for acidifying foods and feedstuffs. At low pH conditions, there is a broad inhibition of microorganisms but weak effects on acid-producing bacteria. At pH 5.5 or above, there is no inhibitory effect on many molds. The optimum pH range is 2.5-4.0. The maximum amount used should be less than 0.1% based on benzoic acid (1 gram of sodium benzoate equals 0.846 grams of benzoic acid). Third, sorbic acid and its salts: pH value of 5-6 are valid. Sorbic acid can participate in metabolism in vivo, with no residue and good safety. The amount added is 0.05%-0.15% of the feed. More commonly used with other anti-mold agents to expand the antibacterial spectrum and increase the anti-mildew effect. Generally, 0.6% -10% of sorbic acid is dissolved in 2-4 carbon atoms of liquid fatty acids (such as acetic acid, propionic acid, etc.) or a mixture thereof, and other solid organic acid antifungal agents can also be dissolved simultaneously. Into a composite anti-fungal agent. Treatment of various grains and feeds with this kind of composite mildew has excellent antibacterial effects. 4. Dehydroacetic acid and its sodium salt: Dehydroacetic acid has antibacterial effect even in a relatively high pH range. It has a high antibacterial effect on yeasts and molds, and higher doses also have effects on certain bacteria. The recommended amount of feed is 0.002%-0.15%. Fifth, fumaric acid and its esters: Compared with other anti-mold agents, antibacterial effect is strong, antibacterial spectrum is broad, both fungi and bacteria, and its anti-fungal efficacy greatly exceeds propionic acid, sorbic acid, benzoic acid and so on. In addition, its antibacterial effect is not affected by the pH value, and the pH range is 3-8. The amount added in the feed is generally 0.025%-0.08%. Six, compound anti-mold agents: such as the United States, "Keshi", "mildew enemy", France's "Shuahua antimycin" and so on. "Wanbaoxiang" is a kind of feed and cereal fungicide containing natural flavors. The main ingredients are propionic acid, propionate and acetic acid, benzoic acid, sorbic acid and fumaric acid. In addition to mildew, there is also the effect of increasing appetite. The added amount is 500-1000 grams per ton of feed. In addition to the application of anti-mold agents, there are other measures for the anti-mildew of feed: (1) Control the water content of feed and keep the environment dry. When the moisture content of cereals is between 17% and 18%, it is the most suitable condition for the growth and reproduction of mold. Therefore, crops should be dried quickly after they are harvested, and must be kept dry and uniform. The moisture content of corn, sorghum and rice should be controlled below 14%. The moisture content in soybeans, cakes, wheat and bran should be controlled below 13%. The rapeseed cake, cottonseed cake, and peanut cake The water content of fishmeal, fishmeal and meat and bone meal is controlled below 12%. (2) Physical anti-mildew method. Mainly control the temperature of the storage environment, closed oxygen storage, controlled atmosphere storage, low temperature ventilation storage and radiation method.
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