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2, optimize the formula, apply enough base fertilizer. Artichoke is a high-yielding, fertilizer-producing crop that is extremely sensitive to fertilizers. It produces 1500 kilograms of tubers per mu. The need to absorb N8.3?, P3.3?, K15.3?, N, P, and K is 2.5:1:4.5. Colleagues need calcium, magnesium and other trace elements, according to years of experimental research of the Agricultural Technology Center, the pit cultivars require Mushi Fertilizer 5000-7500?, Fertilizer developed in recent years, the production of the mixed type Acacia fertilizer the best, Mushi 40- 50?, followed by phosphatidyl ammonium 14?/mu or 10?/mu urea plus 43.5?/mu Calcium, and the combination of agricultural chemical fertilizer as base fertilizer concentrated ploughing began in pits.
3, rational close planting, full use of light energy, high yield, 95% of acacia dry matter from photosynthetic products, the accumulation of photosynthetic products is the decisive factor for the yield of artichokes, a reasonable density: 7090? or 8080? , about 1050 acres, 3-4 seedlings per hole Liu Miao, 3350-4500 per acre, can give full play to the individual potential for yield increase and increase the population output.
4, suitable for sowing. The artichoke is stable at 7-8°C at a depth of 10°C, and the temperature is stable at 8-9°C. However, the tuber formation and enlargement period of artichokes requires water to be about 70% of the whole growth period. At the same time, the average temperature can't exceed 21°C, and the rainfall in our county is mainly in July, August and September, accounting for 50-70% of the annual rainfall. Therefore, the county should be sowing in due time and the appropriate sowing date is April. Late to early May.
5, the whole potato seeding, top buds facing upward, convex cover soil. The use of 50-100g, small whole-potato on-demand, can prevent the spread of germs, reduce the incidence rate, emerged vigorously, and improve cold and drought resistance. On the spot, the top buds are facing upwards, giving full play to the advantages of the top buds, early emergence of seedlings, and strong seedlings, increasing production by 10-20%. Convex overburdened soil above ground surface 10-15 ensures good soil moisture retention, and can prevent immersed pits before heavy rain pressure and reduce air permeability, resulting in reduced production.
6, timely pressure vines, fertilizing soil topdressing. Pit cultivars, as a result of whole potato seeding, have 4-6 seedlings per hole and are distributed in a concentrated manner. They must be crushed, separated by dense stems and leaves, ensure the uniformity of field distribution, and make full use of light energy; at the same time, vines should be raised horizontally to cultivate pods and form secondary knots. Potatoes, increase production. The suitable time for the vines to be pressed for the first time is from the buds to the beginning of flowering, usually after the emergence of 15-25 fields. At this time, the main stems and leaves have been differentiated and the top of the stems begins to enlarge, and they enter the tuber formation period, and the photosynthetic products and fertilizers The sudden increase in the number of points required to create photosynthetic capacity and the right amount of topdressing are key, and Mu catches urea 20 or ammonium bicarbonate. The specific approach is: First, the dense stems from the central pressure soil to separate, horizontal extension, combined with topdressing from the surrounding earth pressure vines, to bury the 2-3 section of the stem section is appropriate, as little as possible leaves. The second vine was 75-90 days after emergence, when the growth of tubers was gradually slow, and photosynthetic products were needed to accumulate starch. According to the growing condition of the plants, the vines were crushed and restrained and the nutrients were retracted.
7. Appropriate harvest. After the stems and leaves become yellow and dry, they can be harvested.
Pit cultivation techniques of artichoke
1, deep plowing the site preparation, specifications digging pit. Artichokes have high requirements for soil porosity, and root oxygen consumption is 5-10 times that of general crops. Loose soil facilitates tuber enlargement and prevents later decay. Before winter, the cultivated potato plots should be deeply ploughed to a depth of 25? In the spring of the following year, the soil will be melted and thawed, and the soil will be ploughed in time. When planting, dig 40 feet deep and 40 holes in diameter.