Analysis on the Causes of "Sexual Reversal" in the Breeding Stage of Jaundice

The shortage of seedlings of Astragalus membranaceus is a major bottleneck restricting the jaundice industry. Astragalus is dominated by wild reproduction and its reproduction rate is low, causing the product to be in short supply. In recent years, many places have explored artificial breeding methods such as breeding of earth cages and artificial holes in ponds, but the total amount is less than 5%, and the survival rate is low. To solve the problem of seedlings, we must first tackle the problem of "sexual reversal" of Huang Xie. In 2012, under the leadership of Professor Wang Shi, a professor and doctoral tutor of Huazhong Agricultural University, this problem was finally overcome.

What is "sexual reversal"? The 20-cm or less body length of the eel is the female body. When it reaches 35 centimeters or so, it is at the age of "marriageable marriage," but collectively "degeneration" is the male body. This led to a disproportionate sex ratio, which led to the low birth rate of Huang Biao's “baby”. In order to solve this problem, fisheries experts conducted a comprehensive analysis of Huang Hao:

The relationship between the body length, body weight, age and sex ratio, and the amount of ovum in Huanghua, Hanchuan, Hubei Province, were studied. The results showed that there were 258 Astragalus membranaceus and 152 females, accounting for 58.91. %; intersexuality was 44 (17.05%); males were 62, accounting for 24.04%. The results showed that about 25 cm in body length and 25 g in body weight are the starting points for sexual reversal of Astragalus membranaceus. Huang Qi’s “sexual reversal” should begin slightly earlier than the second anniversary. The range of spawning amount of Astragalus membranaceus is 41 to 1267 eggs/tail, and the egg-laying rate of 20 cm to 30 cm is the highest.

The effect of different protein content in feed on Sexual Retardation of Astragalus membranaceus from the nutritional point of view explored the effects of different feed protein levels (25%, 35%, 45%, and 55%) on gonadal development and "sexual reversal" of female jaundice. The test fish was 26.52.6 cm long and 21.932.05 g of body weight was female. When the protein was 25%, the mean ovulation was the lowest, with only 390.6675.71 capsules per tail. At 45%, the amount of eggs was the highest, reaching the highest level. 1331.67287.77 grains/tail; however, there was no significant difference in the fertility at 35% and 35%. This shows that the feed protein content (45%) can better maintain the female development of Astragalus membranaceus, increase the fertility of Astragalus membranaceus, and can delay the "sexual reversal" of Astragalus membranaceus to a certain extent.

The effect of different fat content in feed on Sexual Retardation of Scutellaria baicalensis In the same case of protein, as the fat content of feed increases, the degree of sexual reversal of Scutellaria baicalensis increases, and the lower fat feed (5%) can better Maintain the female development of jaundice. The average fecundity of 15% fat of Astragalus was the lowest, while that of 5% of Astragalus fat was the highest, but there was no significant difference between 10% fat of Astragalus ovuis and 15% fat of Astragalus novaeferens. The fat content is very unfavorable to increase the fecundity of Astragalus membranaceus.

Effects of testosterone propionate on gonadal development and "sexual reversal" of Scutellaria baicalensis Feed 0, 10, and 30 mg/kg of testosterone propionate in feed and were fed with Astragalus for 12 months. The results showed that: 30 mg/kg 18.51% of females were converted to realgar, higher than 0 mg/kg, 14.8% of males in the 10 mg/kg group, but there was no significant difference between male and female males in the three groups. The three groups remained female. The proportions were 74.07%, 70.37%, and 70.37%, respectively, indicating that different testosterone propionates have no significant effect on the "sexual reversal" of female jaundice.

Effect of estradiol valerate on sexual reversal of Scutellaria baicalensis. Body length 26.5 cm 2.6 cm, body weight 21.93 g 2.05 g, both of which are female, fed with different concentrations of estradiol valerate feed. The results showed that: There are seasonal differences in the response of gonadal development to different exogenous estradiol valerate. Different estradiol valerate also has differences in the secretion of sex steroid hormones, and the low concentration of estradiol valerate to the sex of jaundice. "Reversal" has a certain inhibitory effect, and high concentrations of estradiol valerate can promote serum

Alcohol secretion reduces testosterone secretion. Tests have shown that higher concentrations of estradiol valerate can delay the "sexual reversal" of jaundice.

The effects of compound norethindrone on the growth and sexual reversal of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi did not significantly affect body length and body weight of Astragalus membranaceus.

The influence of the ecological environment on the sexual reversal of Astragalus membranaceus inhibits the secretion of testosterone in the autumn, and quickly promotes the increase of serum testosterone value in the early spring. It shows that the environment can significantly promote the transformation of the jaundice from female to male.

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