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Pretreatment methods for seeds of Chinese herbal medicines in spring
Atractylodes macrocephala is a dried rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala. The product is mainly produced in Zhejiang, Anhui, Hubei, Hunan and Jiangxi. Sowing every year from March to April. Before sowing, select full, disease-free seeds, soak them in warm water of 25°C～30°C for 24 hours, remove them and put them on a sheltered place inside the earthworms, keep them moist, and sow seeds after germination to expose white spots. The method is to open a shallow ditch at a distance of 20cm from the ditch of the entire nursery, so that the sowing distance is about 10cm, evenly sow the seeds into the ditch, sprinkle a layer of vegetation ash, cover the surface with fine soil, and finally cover the layer Straw is often sprinkled with water to keep it moist, and sprouting occurs 10 to 15 days later. The turrets have their roots called pollen, mirrow root, etc.; their sub-medicines are named guaguanren, yiren, wolfberry; their shells are called oyster shells, melon husks, etc. Dry roots, dry mature seeds, and dry ripened skin of bilateral mirage. The product is mainly produced in Henan, Jiangxi, Hubei, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Sichuan, Shandong, Jiangsu, Guizhou and Anhui provinces. Sowing every March. The method is to select the orange-yellow, sturdy, short-handled fruit for the seed application when the fruit is ripe. When the seeds are sown, the shells are cut open, the seeds are taken out, soaked in warm water of 40° C.-50° C. for 24 hours, and mixed with the wet sand, and then placed on the interior at a temperature of 20° C.-30° C. for germination. When most of the seeds are breached, open the hole in the well-prepared seedbed, put 4 to 5 seeds per hole, crack down, and cover soil to a thickness of 6cm. After sowing, keep the hole moist, usually after 15 to 20 days to emerge. Cassia is an annual semi-shrub herb of the family Leguminosae. The product is mainly produced in Jiangsu, Anhui, Sichuan, Guangxi and other provinces. Seed sowing in mid-April each year. The method is to select the seeds full of grain, soaked in warm water at 50°C for 24 hours to make it fully absorb water, remove the moisture from the dry surface, and ditch the seedbed at a row spacing of 50-60cm, and the depth of the ditches is 5-7cm to even the seeds. Sprinkle into the ditch, cover soil about 3cm, light pressure, so that the seed and soil tight. Keep the soil moist after sowing, and the seedlings can emerge in 7 to 10 days. Magnolia flowers are dry buds of magnolia flowers of the Magnoliaceae family. The product is distributed in Yunnan, Henan, Hubei, Shaanxi, Henan and other places. Sow every spring or fall. The method is to select the robust tree strains grown for more than 15 years for seeding (10 to 30 buds per plant). After ripening the fruit, collect the dried seeds under the sun and store them in a cool place. Before sowing, the seeds are soaked in warm water mixed with plant ash for 3 to 5 days, and the wax is removed. After soaking in warm water at 60° C. for 1 day, remove the rice straw and cover it with water, and sow until the seeds break. Drilling is generally used. In the seedbed, the depth of the ditch is 5cm, the seeds are sprinkled in the ditch, and the cover is about 3cm in height. After lightly pressing, appropriate shading is performed and the seedbed is kept moist. The seedlings are transplanted for the second year after emergence. Coix seed is a dry and mature seed of grasses. The product is mainly produced in Liaoning, Hebei, Jiangsu, Fujian, Henan, Shaanxi, Sichuan and other provinces. The main disease of barley is smut, so strict seed treatment must be carried out before sowing by soaking in warm water at 60°C for 10-20 minutes, then loading the seeds in a cloth bag, immersing in 5% lime water or 100 In the Bordeaux fluid, press on the substance so that it is not exposed on the surface of the water. After soaking for 24 to 48 hours, remove and rinse with water twice. The planting season of alfalfa differs greatly depending on the species, climate, and soil conditions. Early maturing varieties (also known as dwarf varieties) are suitable for sowing in the middle and early March; mid-maturing varieties (white and black shells) are suitable from late March to early April; late-maturing varieties (also called high stem varieties) ) It is advisable from late April to early May. Live broadcasts are generally used. In a good seedbed, a row spacing of 33cm is used to open the ditch, and the seeds are evenly scattered into the ditch (4~5kg per acre seed), and the coke ash is overlaid to cover the seeds without any degree of seeding, and then cover the soil until it is flat. Radix Isatidis is a biennial herbaceous plant of the family Brassicaceae, which uses roots (radiogens) and leaves (dark leaves) as medicine. The product is mainly produced in Hebei, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Shaanxi and other places. The sowing time is divided into spring sowing and autumn sowing. In general, besides adopting autumn sowing in farming fields, medicinal herbs are mostly used in spring sowing. The spring is broadcast during the period of "clear to bright" and "grass rain"; autumn is before and after "summer heat". The method is to select the plump seeds, remove the impurities, soak in water for 1 hour, mix 2 times the sieved compost, and then spread the shallow ditch with a row spacing of 20-25cm on the whole pod to spread the seeds evenly. Into the ditch, cover soil 2cm, seeds per acre 2 ~ 4kg. 5 to 10 days after sowing can emerge. Gardenia is a dry, mature fruit of the scorpion plant. The product is mainly produced in Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangxi, Hubei, Henan, Anhui and other provinces. Scorpions will be planted in the spring and fall. Spring sowing is better. Spring sowing is mostly from late February to early March, and autumn sowing is from late September to October. Peel the peel before sowing, remove the seed, soak it in water, and scoop the seeds, then remove the sundries and the unfilled seeds from the water, and soak the seed in the water with a 45°C warm water for 24 hours, then The first application of base fertilizer on the seedbed (human waste urine 1500 ~ 2000kg), after the leveling by row spacing 20 ~ 25cm, open 2cm shallow ditch, the seeds evenly sowed into the ditch, covering 2cm of fire ash or fine soil, slightly compacted , cover grass moisture. One year of nursery, the seedlings can be transplanted about 35cm high.