I. Do a good job of prevention of white shrimp diseases Second, common diseases and control of white shrimp Urine Centrifuge,Urinalysis Equipment,Laboratory Urinalysis Equipment,Urine Test Equipment Changchun Medicon Technology Development Co., Ltd , https://www.teststrip.pl
1. Improved aquaculture water environment (1) Thoroughly clean the pond before stocking.
2 Then use the biological, physical and chemical synthesis method to clear the pond: put the water to about 20cm, Quanchipa special Qingtang disinfectant for shrimp pool - "Special Consumer" (containing effective bromine chlorine 24%) 1.0ppm (130-140g ), At the same time, the "Special Consumer" dilution solution was sprayed on the wall of the pool and the pool pot with an agricultural sprayer, soaked for about 7 days, and then put into the pool water to the aquaculture water surface. Quanchiposa dibromohydantoin compound disinfectant (containing effective bromine 8) %) 0.2 ppm, interval 2 days (48 hours), Quanchiposa (Bacillus subtilis, titer of 2109 viable cells per g) 0.3-0.4ppm, if the pond is old pond, should spray 25kg dolomite powder at the same time / Mu, the last test water safety can be put into the shrimp seedlings.
(2) Daily water quality and sediment management
1. After the seedlings enter the pond, the whole pool can be used as a quick-acting biofertilizer. The dosage per acre is 2kg. After 20 days in the pond, the whole pond is splashed with 0.5ppm of oxidized amide and 2.0-3.0ppm of open slag once every 10 days. , Quanchiposa photosynthetic bacteria (valence 3109 viable counts/ml) 2.0-5.0ppm or water (Bacillus subtilis, titer 2109 viable counts/g) 0.25ppm once, while spilling activated zeolite 10- 20kg/mu.
2. Prior to stocking, the seedlings carrying the pathogen (mainly contagious pathogens) must be extirpated before entering the pool and soaked in the pool for 30 minutes at a concentration of 0.5 ppm of strong glycyrrhizin (0.5%).
3. Strengthen white prawn physique and increase disease resistance (1) When seedlings are transported, 100ppm of immune polysaccharide solution can be used to hold seedlings and inflated and transported with oxygen, which can greatly increase the survival rate of seedlings after entering the pond;
(2) In the daily feeding and management, functional additives can be added to the feed to enhance the body composition of the white prawn. Usually, vitamin B10.1g, vitamin C (content 30%) 1.0-3.0g, and immune polysaccharide 2.0 are added per kilogram of feed. g and bio-enzyme activity additives (including ginsenosides and glycosides) 1.0g, qualified breeding companies can be fed all year round, if the conditions are not mature, you can continuously feed 3-5 days, interval 1 week, continue to vote Feed 3-5 days, cycle back and forth.
1. Viral Diseases 1 Taura Syndrome (1) Pathogen: Taura Virus (TSV), an RNA virus.
(2) Epidemic situation and onset pattern: The disease is a unique viral disease of P. vannamei. After a large-scale outbreak of the disease in Taiwan in 1999, the culture of P. vannamei in Taiwan has suffered serious setbacks. Recovery; China has had this disease in Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hainan since the second half of 2000. Since 2001, with the increasing popularity of white shrimp culture in South America, in addition to Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hainan, in Shanghai and Zhejiang Large-scale outbreaks have begun in Jiangsu, Shandong, Fujian, and Liaoning, seriously affecting the survival rate of white prawn farming. The mortality rate is as high as 40-60%. The disease has the following traits and characteristics: The incidence of white shrimp is mostly 6-9cm. The onset time is generally 30-60 days after breeding; the age of diseased shrimp pond is aging, the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen are too high, the transparency is below 30 cm; within 1-2 days after the general temperature change, especially the water temperature rises to After 28 °C, the disease is prone to develop.
(3) Symptoms and hazards: The majority of diseased shrimps, red beard and red tail, become tea-red in color; diseased shrimp do not ingest or eat less, swim slowly on the surface of the water, and die after leaving the water; some diseases Shrimp shells and muscles are easily separated; there are irregular dark spots on the diseased shells of diseased shrimps. The course of disease after shrimp onset is very short. It is only 5-7 days after the diseased shrimp is found until the diseased shrimp is caught. It then turns into a large number of deaths, usually in about 10 days, after which the symptoms slow down and the chronic death stage begins. Generally, juvenile shrimps are prone to acute infections and have a high mortality. Adult shrimps are prone to chronic infections and the mortality rate is relatively low.
(4) Main control measures:
1. Prevention: Clear ponds should be thoroughly cleared by comprehensive clear pond method before stocking. In the whole breeding stage, especially after one month of white shrimp aquaculture, photosynthetic bacteria 2-5ppm or clean water (Bacillus subtilis) 0.25ppm full pool should be used frequently. Sprinkle to improve the shrimp pond water environment, and feed 2 to 4 meals containing antiviral drugs every 15 days. Usually add 2 g of immunopolysaccharide, 1 g of bio-enzyme active additive, and white shrimp, red body oil, per kilogram of feed. Viral protein) 5 g.
2. Treatment: In terms of topical drugs, firstly, Quanchiposa glycylamine 101 (super iodine quaternary ammonium salt) 0.2ppm, continuously sprinkling for 2 days, and once again spilled 0.2ppm of dibromohydantoin compound disinfectant on the third day, 2 days apart. Quanchiposa 0.3% of water (Bacillus subtilis) and activated charcoal, calcium peroxide, and open slag mixture (ratio of 10%:20%:70%) 5ppm; when the topical drug is used, the diseased shrimp is fed with a bait. Kilograms of red body eliminate (plant antiviral protein) 15-20g, biological enzyme activity additives 1-2g, stable Vc (content 30%) 2-3g and fish oil 10-20g are added in the kilogram feed, 2 meals per day 3-5 days can be fed continuously.
2White spot disease (1) Pathogen: WSSV virus;
(2) Epidemic situation and incidence regularity: The weather is hot, continuous cloudy, heavy rain, large number of phytoplankton deaths in shrimp ponds, pool water becomes clear, and sediment quality deteriorates. These diseases are easy to occur, and the suitable temperature is 24-28°C.
(3) Symptoms and hazards: Diseased shrimp is unresponsive, does not ingest food, and has an empty stomach. The diseased shrimp has white dots on its carapace, and it is most noticeable at the head and breasts. Severe white spots are connected to white spots. Yellowing, hepatopancreas enlargement, erosion, usually occurs within a few days. If the water quality is stable and nutritious, it can be maintained for about 1 month. The death process shortens as the body length increases, that is, the death of the prawns. Speed ​​is higher than shrimp.
(4) Main control measures:
1) Prevention: Use 0.25ppm of Qingshui (Bacillus subtilis) and 0.5ppm of peroxide amide in the whole pool every 10 days to completely improve the water quality and sediment quality, and feed the Chinese herb and antibacterial medicine every 10 days. 1- For 2 meals, add 10-15 g of Andrographis paniculata, Folium Isatidis, Folium Isatidis, gourd tea (in equal parts) and 0.5 g of florfenicol (10%) per kilogram of feed.
2) Treatment: 0.2% of dibromohydantoin disinfectant was sprayed on the whole pool for two consecutive days. At the same time, the Chinese herbal compound vaccine—shrimp virus was fed on the second consecutive day. The drug was added in 10 grams per kilogram of feed. It was fed continuously for 5-7 days and 2 meals per day. .
2. Bacterial Disease 1 Red Leg Disease (1) Pathogen: Vibrio anguillarum, Vibrio parahaemolyticus.
(2) Symptoms and hazards: Diseased shrimps have reddened appendages, yellow or light red in the thoracic area, hepatopancreas atrophy and erosion, and the diseased shrimps begin to die after 2 hours of onset. The mortality rate is as high as 90%.
(3) Main control measures:
1) Prevention: Thoroughly clean the pond before stocking, and splash 5ppm of photosynthetic bacteria or 0.25ppm of hyaluronic acid (Bacillus subtilis) to the aquaculture water regularly during the high temperature season; at the same time, in every 10 days or so, flooding the sea of ​​Dibromobenzene should be Due to the 0.2ppm compound disinfectant, the two cannot be performed at the same time.
2) Treatment: Quanchiposa 0.2ppm of dibromohydantoin compound disinfectant or 0.5ppm of bromochlorohydantoin compound disinfectant once. At the same time as the topical medicine, the medicine-containing feed can be taken orally, and fish and shrimp can be added in each kg of feed. 5g or florfenicol (10%) 0.5g, fed continuously for 3-5 days.
2 Enteritis (1) Pathogen: Aeromonas hydrophila.
(2) Symptoms and hazards: Shrimp swims slowly, and under light microscope, yellowish colonies appear in the stomach. Insufficient ingestion of diseased shrimp results in extremely high mortality in the larval stage of shrimp. Up to 95% in 2-3 days.
(3) Main control measures:
1) Prevention: Feeding immune polysaccharides throughout the year will help improve the gut microecological environment of white shrimps and reduce the incidence of enteritis significantly. Adding 2 g of immunopolysaccharides per kilogram of feed, usually 5 days after continuous feeding, interval 7 Repeated feeding for 5 days, and so on.
2) Treatment: Begin to splash 0.2ppm of dibromohydantoin compound disinfectant or 0.5ppm of bromochloroheine composite disinfectant once, and add the compound fish of ZhongYinxiao 2g or acetylcholine which is compounded by multiple kinds of Chinese herbs per kilogram of feed. Quinone 1g can be fed continuously for 5 days.
3 gill disease (1) pathogen: columnar bacillus.
(2) Symptoms and hazards: Shrimp gill filaments appear gray, swollen, cocoon fester, sick shrimp breathing difficulties, inability to eat.
(3) Main control measures:
1) Prevention: usually raise the water level, stabilize the water quality, often use 0.25ppm of water pigment (Bacillus subtilis) and 10-20ppm of zeolite powder to improve the culture environment; try to avoid sudden changes in environmental conditions, and regularly sprinkle disinfectants; during the hot season, properly throw lime, usually The amount of spatter is 5-10ppm.
2) Treatment: Quanchiposa 0.2% (main agent and adjuvant should be dissolved at the same time when splashing), or 0.2 g of strong quaternary ammonium salt (usually quaternary ammonium salt), usually two days in a row, after 2 days. Quanchiposa (0.25 Bacillus subtilis) or 5 ppm photosynthetic bacteria should be spilled once, and some antibiotics that meet health and safety requirements should be taken orally.
4 Brown spot (1) Pathogen: belongs to the genus Vibrio or Aeromonas.
(2) Symptoms and hazards: The diseased shrimp has dark brown or black spot-like ulcers on the surface carapace and appendages of the diseased shrimp. The edges of the spots are shallow, the middle part is slightly darker, and the ulcers are rapidly enlarged to form black Spots cause the white shrimp to die.
(3) Main control measures:
1) Prevention: During the epidemic period, baits are often fed and 0.2g of florfenicol (10%) is added per kilogram of feed. Usually, it is fed 1-2 times a month, and splash strength grams are used every 10 days ( Super Iodine Quaternary Ammonium) 0.1 ppm once.
2) Treatment: Continuously sprinkling glycylamine 101 (superiodine quaternary ammonium salt) 0.2ppm for two days, and adding florfenicol (10%) 0.5g per kilogram of feed, continuously feeding for 5 days.
5 filamentous bacterial disease (1) pathogen: Mucor sp.
(2) Symptoms and hazards: The diseased shrimps are dark or brown in color, and the appendages may have cottony attachments. The filaments turn yellow or brown, with filaments. The diseased shrimps have difficulty in breathing and have certain death. Rate, cure some difficulties, usually in the water with high organic matter content is easy to induce the disease.
(3) Main control measures:
1) Prevention: Do not overfeed the feed, so as not to contaminate the aquaculture water. Frequently, whole pools of clean water (Bacillus subtilis) 0.25ppm or photosynthetic bacteria 5ppm and zeolite powder 10ppm are used to improve water quality.
2) Treatment: For external use, Quanchip is given a 0.5ppm florfenicol (10%) and oral antibacterial agents. 0.5g of florfenicol (10%) is added per kilogram of feed and continuously fed for 3 days.
6 Rotten Eye Disease (1) Pathogen: Non-type 01 Vibrio cholerae.
(2) Symptoms and hazards: Shrimp floating on the surface of the water, swelling of the eyeball, turning from black to brown, then ulceration, and some only the eyelids, usually common in the hot season, most of the sick shrimp died within 1 week The mortality rate is about 30%. Waters with high density, rich organic matter, and low salinity are prone to occur.
(3) Main control measures:
1) Prevention: Thoroughly clear the pond, maintain reasonable breeding density, and often adopt biological, chemical or physical methods to improve the culture environment.
2) Treatment: Quanchiposa 0.2ppm of dibromohydantoin compound disinfectant, sprinkling for 2 days continuously, taking oral antibacterial medicine, adding 0.5g of florfenicol (10%) per kilogram of feed, continuously feeding for 3 days .
3. Parasitic diseases 1 Fixed ciliate disease (1) Pathogens: bell-shaped insects, polycymenes, larvae, and slugworms.
(2) Symptoms and hazards: The diseased shrimp's jaws turn black, and the appendages, eyes and body surface are gray-black and villous. The diseased shrimp travel alone, suffer from poor feeding, difficulty in molting, difficulty in breathing, and a large amount of sediment. Humus and aging ponds are prone to this disease, and are prone to cause secondary bacterial infections and massive deaths.
(3) Main control measures:
1) Prevention: 10-20ppm of zeolite powder is often used to sprinkling water, effectively improving the culture environment.
2) Treatment: A total of 3-4ppm of industrial-grade zinc sulfate can be spilled in Quanchipia, and 0.4ppm of bromochlorohydantoin complex disinfectant should be spilled on the next day. After 10 days, the whole pool will be splashed with industrial grade zinc sulfate 3-4ppm; or Quanchiposa net insects can be 1ppm, the next day, Quanchiposa 0.4ppm bromochlorohydantoin complex disinfectant, interval 10 days, the whole pool repeated sprinkling a fibrid net 1ppm can be; If found difficult shrimp shelling, at the same time Quanchiposa 10ppm can be a tea ceremony.
2 Column Rotifera (1) Pathogen: Rotifera.
(2) Symptoms and hazards: The pathogen is fixed on the body of white prawn, causing symptoms of ulcers, loss of appetite and slow swimming. Soon afterwards, there will be batch deaths, often accompanied by the occurrence of black shank or gill disease. Usually the mortality rate is as high as 40-60%. Microscopic examination revealed that there are two discoid cilia rings on the head of the insect. It seems that the wheel rotates to feed the food. Excessive parasitism will damage the shrimp skin and swimming difficulties. The insect is found through separation. With vibrio and Aeromonas hydrophila on the body, it will often cause secondary bacterial infections to form rot or cause a large number of shrimps to die; this worm prefers to grow in ponds with a little fertilizer and excess sediment, ammonia nitrogen. High and low transparency of the water, especially around the food market is easy to breed and reproduce.
(3) Main control measures:
1) Prevention: Clear ponds must be thoroughly cleared before cultivation. From the current application situation, the use of a single quick-lime clear pond is not effective and the sterilization efficiency is not ideal. It is difficult to kill bacteria, spores, viruses and eggs. Therefore, if When lime clear ponds are used, it is recommended that they be first disinfected with beryllium-killed lime powder. Dibromohydantoin complex disinfectants should be used after two days to disinfect. The effectiveness of clear ponds in this method is several times higher than that of conventional methods, and at the same time it can kill many more. Pathogens
2) Treatment: First kill the rotifer with 0.5-0.6ppm of fish insect killer compound Chinese herbal insecticide (note: this type of rotifer is killed with copper sulfate, zinc sulfate and methylene blue), and the toxicity of these insecticides is low High insecticidal efficiency, after 24 hours, Quanchiposa 0.2ppm of dibromohydantoin once, interval 48 hours, Quanchiposa (Bacillus subtilis) 0.25ppm once.
4. Other diseases 1 Soft-shell disease (1) Etiology: Insufficient feeding or inadequate nutrition in the feed. White shrimps are starved for a long time. The pH value of the pool water is increased and the organic matter is decreased. The insoluble calcium phosphate precipitates from the water, and white shrimp cannot use phosphorus. .
(2) Symptoms: The body color of the white shrimp is dark, the shell is thin and soft, and it is fed slowly and slowly.
(3) Main control measures:
1) Properly increase the amount of water to be changed and improve the water quality of the culture. 0.25ppm of water-borne H.subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) was regularly administered in ponds;
2) Add calcium dihydrogen phosphate to the feed, and add 1% of it;
3) Feed more fresh food.
2 rickets (1) cause: lack of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and B vitamins, transparency is too high, the ratio of calcium and phosphorus in the water imbalance.
(2) Symptoms: The trunk of the diseased shrimp is bent, the abdomen is bowed to the back, is stiff, has no jumping ability, and soon dies. The mortality rate is about 5-10%.
(3) Main control measures:
1) Increase the amount of water in the hot season, increase the water level, adjust the algae phase in water, and control the transparency to 30-40cm;
2) Add calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, B vitamins, and vitamin C to the feed.