Jiaxiang County Livestock Husbandry Joint Development Center has been developing beef cattle breeding industry for more than 10 years. The breeding technology and experience are very rich. The following is a brief introduction of beef cattle breeding technology. For more information, please visit http://www.jiaxiang.com. Shelf cattle are concentrated for 90 to 100 days to strengthen the fast fattening, with the characteristics of short feeding cycle, fast cash flow, high feed remuneration, low production cost, significant economic benefits, etc., and are greatly welcomed by farmers and professional cattle farms. In the spring, using shelf-fed fast fattening cattle, we must do the following aspects: Mineral Supplements,Nutritional Supplements,Animal Health Products,Probiotic Supplements Tangshan Finely Animal Care Co.,Ltd , https://www.faczyme.com
First, select the shelf cattle
In the varieties, it is best to choose hybrids with local meats such as Charolais, Simmental, Limousin, etc. for fine meat breeds. If you choose local cattle, you should use Qinchuan, Jinnan, Nanyang, and Lu. The West Yellow Cattle are good; to buy the bulls that are not castrated on the gender, aged 1 to 2.5 years old, weighing 300 to 400 kilograms, healthy and disease-free, good body development is appropriate.
Second, disease prevention and deworming
It is necessary to fully inspect the newly purchased shelf cows, and those who are healthy should be given polyposis by injection of the hoof vaccine, the brucellosis vaccine, and the Clostridium perfringens vaccine, and be fully dewormed before entering the house fattening. The method is: 4 capsules per 100 kg body weight of oral bustard capsules (containing 20mg of active ingredient), or 2ml per 100kg body weight of subcutaneous injection; may also be administered per kg of body weight, anti-creep sensitivity 5-7mg, or levorotatory Imidazole 6-8 mg to drive out a variety of parasites in the body. Where there is a liver fluke, denitrification can be performed with drugs such as nitroprusside. For ectoparasites, the bovine body can be sprayed with 0.3% peracetic acid, followed by a general wipe with 0.25% guanidine emulsion. 3 days after deworming, use artificial salt or other stomach and stomach medicine. In addition, the newly arrived cattle are susceptible to stress due to environmental changes, transportation, and frightening. They can add 0.5% salt and 1% red tang in drinking water, drink it for a week, and feed more grass or green. Hay, fed a small amount of bran two days later, gradually transitioned to feeding fertilizer. During the fattening process, attention should be paid to the observation of the feeding, excretion, and mental status of the cattle.
Third, warm house (shed) fattening
If you are fattening in a permanent cowshed or a plastic film warmhouse barn, you must do a good job of maintaining the barn before you feed. Close the holes, holes, gaps, and windows around the walls. Plastic greenhouses should use transparent plastic film. The cement or brick floor should be covered with grass and replaced frequently so that the temperature in the shelter can be kept above 5°C. After April, the weather is getting warmer. We must gradually increase the area of ​​open sheds. We must not remove all the plastics at one time to prevent cattle from catching colds.
Fourth, scientific feeding
Shelf fattening cattle can be divided into three stages, namely the pre-fattening (adaptation period), the middle fattening period (fertility transitional period) and the fattening period (anticipation fattening period). It takes about fifteen days before the fattening. Mainly ammoniated straw and silage corn stalk are used as roughage, and combined with local actual feeding of concentrate feed.
Feeding methods are: aminated straw or silage corn stalks are freely eaten, and the drinking water supply is adequate. Gradually feeding the concentrate from the second day, and then increasing rapidly. At the end of the previous period, the feed material can be fed up to about 2 kg per day. Or the mixed concentrate is weighed at 0.8% of body weight, an average of about 1.5 kg per day. Concentrate formula: corn flour 45%, wheat bran 40%, cakes 10%, bone meal 2%, urea 2%, salt 1%, in addition to two cod liver oil per kilogram of feed. The mid-finishing period is usually about 30 days.
During the feeding process, it is necessary to pay attention to the reasonable combination of roughage. The ratio of rough coarse material at the beginning of the transition period is 3:1, the middle period is 2:1, and the late period is 1:1. The feed formula for this period was: cornmeal 6%, wheat bran 15.5%, peeled cottonseed cake 12%, maize straw powder 25.8%, bone meal 0.4%, shell powder 0.3%, salt 50g/ Head, vitamin A2 IU/head, feeding once a day in the morning and evening, keeping 4 to 5 kg/day, and drinking water 2 hours after feeding. It takes about 45 days to finish the fattening. The diet should be based on concentrates. The amount of concentrate can account for 70% to 80% of the total diet, and provide high energy (60% to 70%), low protein feed (10% to 20%). , feed 1.5%-2% per 100kg of body weight, the ratio of crude concentrate is 1:2 to 1:3, appropriately increase the number of feedings per day, and ensure sufficient supply of drinking water. The feed formulation for this period is: cornmeal 2 to 3 kilograms, sugar residue 20 to 25 kilograms, distiller's grains 15 to 20 kilograms, silage straw 10 to 15 kilograms, salt 50 grams, 20 grams of mineral additives, feeding in the morning and evening; or With corn flour 56%, cottonseed cake 10%, wheat bran 8%, ammoniated wheat straw powder 23.5%, growth hormone 1%, salt 1%, sodium bicarbonate 0.5%, feed 6 to 7 per head per day kilogram.
Fifth, the rational use of weighting agents
At present, the most commonly used weight gain agents that act through the rumen, such as rumen (monensin), lasalocid and so on. Usually used in the form of additives mixed with the feed for oral use, generally 40-60 mg per kilogram of fine material mixed. The initial amount of feed can be lower, then gradually increase to the required amount. However, no more than 360 mg can be fed per head per day. In addition, there are chemical substances and hormones (plants). Application of weighting agents can increase the daily gain of beef cattle by 9.38% to 27.31%.
In addition, the rational use of urea is very beneficial for cattle weight gain. Add 0.25 kg of slow-release urea additive per day. Urea and various additives can be fed during the night and can not drink water within 2 hours after feeding to prevent poisoning.
Six, careful management
The most suitable ambient temperature for cattle is 5-21 °C. During the fattening period, a warm, quiet and comfortable environment should be created for cattle. Generally suitable for raising fattening. In addition to blizzard days, the burdock basks on the stakes outside the house every day from 8 am to 3 pm. Fixed beef rope should not be too long, 0.4 meters is appropriate. Brush the body 1 or 2 times a day to keep the body clean. The ventilation window on the top of the barn can be opened and closed at noon every day for 10 to 20 seconds. The manure is regularly removed every day to keep the barn clean, dry and ventilated, and protected from moisture.
Feeding should be quantified regularly, 2 times a day, as early as 6 to 8 hours, 5 to 7 o'clock in the evening, each feeding 2 hours. Coarse and fine feed must be matched properly. Feeding should be followed by rough finishing, first feeding the hay, and then feeding the lees, then mixing the cornmeal with various additives and evenly feeding it. Daily drinking water 1 or 2 times, if the best conditions to drink milk with warm water, can also drink deep well water. Silage should be taken out and placed in the house on the first day of afternoon for preheating. It is forbidden to feed cows with moldy grasses in order to prevent disease.
Seventh, timely slaughter
When the shelf cows are fattened in 2 to 3 months, the fattening of the cattle should be stopped when they reach a weight of 500 kg or more. There are two ways to determine the slaughter time: First, it is found that the cattle’s food intake is gradually reduced and can not be restored after feeding. Second, when the hand touches the lumbar angle or holds the root of the hand with a sense of fat, it means that the muscles are plump. Slaughter