The genetic basis of cotton important traits in China has leapt to the leading ranks in the world

The cotton research institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, a series of research results of Asian cotton and upland cotton conducted by a number of scientific research institutions in the United Nations was published online on May 7 in Nature Genetics. Two studies revealed Asian cotton in China. Evolution history.

Among them, the “Basic Research on the Genetics of Asian Cotton Diversity and Evolution” was carried out by the Li Fuguang team of the Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the Shenzhen Agricultural Genome Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan University and Anyang Institute of Technology, and passed 243 diploid cotton species. The re-sequencing of qualitative materials reveals the evolutionary history of Asian cotton in China and lays the foundation for the mining of gene functions and molecular breeding. The study shows that Asian cotton has gradually formed three ecological types in the South China, Yangtze and Yellow River basins in China, revealing that China's Asian cotton may originate from South China and gradually spread from south to north to the Yangtze and Yellow River basins.

The research laid a scientific research foundation for cotton genetic research and molecular breeding, deepened the understanding of the evolution of Asian cotton population in China, and laid an important genetic basis for introducing the excellent stress resistance of diploid cotton into the widely planted tetraploid cotton. It will also speed up the cotton breeding process.

Another “Study on the Genomic Variation of Upland Cotton Core Germplasm and Its Key Sites Affecting Fiber Quality and Yield”, by the Du Xiongming team of the Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, together with Hebei Agricultural University, Anyang Institute of Technology and Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences For the first time, the unit used 419 core cotton germplasms in China to systematically analyze genetic diversity and population structure. The main highlight of the study was the complete collection of 13 fiber traits in 12 environments, and a genome-wide association analysis of traits such as fiber yield, quality, and growth stage.

The research results indicate that China has made significant progress in the field of cotton genomic variation and fiber trait inheritance. Cotton core germplasm importance phenotype, genomic variation and molecular marker identification, and new gene discovery rank among the leading international companies, providing deepening of crop genome research. The important basis is to provide more accurate markers and genetic resources for the directional breeding of cotton importance.

The research was funded by the National Cotton Industry Technology System, the Hebei Science and Technology Support Program, the National GM Major Project, and the Ministry of Science and Technology Key Research and Development Program.