After the "Made in China 2025" was proposed, agricultural machinery and equipment as one of the ten key areas, the competition became increasingly fierce. The development of intelligent manufacturing is already the trend of the times, and the entire agricultural machinery industry is welcoming the great changes of intelligence, automation and information. Agriculture 3.0: The Age of Automated Agriculture The main output of agriculture in the 3.0 era is no longer just agricultural products, but more beautiful rural environments. If the 2.0 era is the integration of the primary industry and the secondary industry, then the 3.0 era is a new attempt of the primary industry plus the tertiary industry. During this period, various farmhouses were vigorously launched, and rural tourism boomed. Agriculture 4.0: The Age of Intelligent Agriculture
We all know that the beginning of China's agricultural development was slash-and-burn, iron plowing, and this kind of labor has occupied a long period of time in history. Even in the current rural areas, the traditional work of iron plowing cattle is still preserved. mode. Then, from the iron plowing cattle to the intelligent agricultural machinery, how did China's agriculture change?
Agriculture 1.0: The Age of Traditional Agriculture
"Broken collar ploughing, He 暇 Gu 羸犊. Night to asthma, the moon, and wear deep valleys. Although the power is poor, the intestines are not full of millet. When the crops are snow, they go to the cold slope." Chen "Cultivated cattle"
Iron plow cattle farming as a traditional form of agricultural production in China, there are numerous literary works from the past to describe it. As a traditional agricultural country, traditional agriculture has gradually formed and dominated with the development of society. It continues to the modern era, and its essence is the small-scale peasant economy with animal power traction and physical labor as the mainstay.
In the era of agriculture 1.0, people judged the time of farming according to the experience of "clearing corn valley rain flowers, millet rushing to the summer." and so on, using simple tools and animal power to cultivate, this form is a limited extension of human local function, but There is no fundamental liberation of human production activities from heavy physical labor. With the progress of the times, the traditional agricultural system has gradually restricted the development of productivity, and transformation and upgrading are imperative.
Agriculture 2.0: The Age of Mechanized Agriculture
With the advent of the rumbling steam era, humans invented and used new labor tools, and machines replaced hand tools. During this period, the original simple equipment powered by animal power, water power and wind power could no longer meet the demand for agricultural work, and mechanized agricultural tools began to appear. Especially after the reform and opening up, industrial production has been further improved, large-scale integrated agricultural machinery has been widely used, and the roar of machines has gradually appeared in the farmland, which marks the coming of a new era of agricultural production.
The agricultural 2.0 era is mainly based on mechanized production, and it is an era of “planting big households†with moderate management. During this period, the rural areas began to implement household contracting, and the advanced and applicable agricultural machinery used by people replaced the human and animal production tools, improving the agricultural production conditions that have long been facing the loess and facing the sky, and will be backward and inefficient. The production mode has been transformed into an advanced and efficient large-scale production mode, which has greatly improved production efficiency and productivity.
In fact, the 2.0 era itself means transforming agriculture by means of industrial production. However, in China, it is actually agricultural industrialization, that is, on the basis of scale and intensive management, the industrial chain is elongated, in a product, The scale of products, the scale of industries and the scale of regions in an industry and a region will gradually realize the specialization, commodification and socialization of agricultural production.
"From the agricultural era to the industrial age to the information age, the technical force continues to push mankind to create a new world. The Internet is changing the power of all, and launching a profound change that affects all aspects of humanity on a global scale. Human beings are standing on a new The forefront of the coming of the era." - "Internet Age"
The early agricultural mechanization lacked the support of informationization, but realized the replacement of pure labor with machines instead of people. The advent of the Internet era means that agricultural production has gradually relied on the development of the Internet and modern science and technology. With the support of informatization and the gradual realization of the integration of mechanization and informatization in practice, this has allowed the era of agriculture 2.0 to be extended, and mechanization has been given the characteristics of automation.
In the era of 4.0, soft integration of resources through networks, information, etc., with the support of the Internet of Things, big data, mobile internet, and cloud computing technologies, formed a highly intensive, highly accurate, highly intelligent, highly collaborative, highly ecological intelligence. agriculture. The biggest difference in this development process over the previous 3.0 era is the ability to achieve truly unmanned operations, making agricultural production more efficient and convenient under controlled conditions.
The application of modern information technology in Agriculture 4.0 is not only reflected in the agricultural production process, it will penetrate into all aspects of the agricultural industry chain such as agricultural management, management and services. The entire agricultural industrial chain will achieve intelligent development. The whole process of agricultural production and management activities will be controlled by information flow, forming a new agricultural form with high integration, industrialization and low cost, which is the transformation and upgrading of modern agriculture.
With the big wave of Internet + and big data, rural development is no longer limited to the export of traditional agricultural products, but the advantages of various resources are transformed into industrial advantages. Eco-leisure farm is a typical three-product integration form. It is based on agricultural production and rural life. It focuses on farming culture, provides tourists with various agricultural products and agricultural products processing services, and also provides rural production and life with rural landscape. Leisure experience and comprehensive services such as accommodation and catering.
Xiaobian Conclusion: Agriculture 4.0 is an advanced stage pursued by us to develop modern agriculture, but we should also recognize that the gap that still exists in this stage is truly realized, and it is courageous to acknowledge that it will take a long time to narrow this gap. . During this time, the entire agricultural machinery industry should also solve the current problems and achieve rational and efficient development, especially in the layout of high-end products still have a large market space.