Prevention and Treatment of Major Grape Diseases

First, black bean disease: The main damage young shoots, petiole, young fruit, fruit stems, leaves and tendrils and so on. The diseased leaves develop pale yellow horny spots along the main veins, with light brown or grayish white in the middle, dark brown or black edges, and perforation in the late stage of dry spots. The fruit sensation presents brown keratinous spots. Afterwards, the middle part of the lesion becomes grayish white, with depressions and brown edges. It resembles a cornea, and later the lesions harden or crack. Prevention and control methods; cutting off diseased branches, diseased fruits and diseased leaves buried deep; litter within the orchard, concentrated burning, reduce the source of the disease. Drug control can be sprayed once before the budding 5 degrees lime sulfur, growth phase before and after flowering spray 1:0.5:200-240 times Bordeaux mixture, then every second spray 1:1:160 - 200 times the Bordeaux mixture or 50% of the eubacterial 800-1000 times, 50% carbendazim 1000 times spray.

Second, downy mildew: mainly harm the leaves. Rainy, foggy and dew-borne weather are the most common diseases. The victim's leaf first appeared translucent and unclear with oily lesions, and later expanded to yellow, yellow-brown, and polygonal lesions. When wet, the back of the leaf produces an off-white frost-like mold. Control methods: Collect and burn sick bodies in time, sweeping orchards and deep turning in autumn. When the disease occurs, it is sprayed with 1:0.5:200 of Bordeaux mixture, once every half a month for 4-5 consecutive times. With 50% Kedan Dan wettable powder 40% diethyl aluminum phosphate wettable powder 200-300 times spray control. With 0.3 degrees of lime sulfur plus 200 times copper sulfate solution, spraying 3-5 times, can control downy mildew, and powdery mildew.

Third, powdery mildew: leaves, shoots, ears can be disease. In hot weather, it is easy to happen when management is extensive. When the leaves are damaged, they start to grow grey spots on the surface, and then produce a floury mildew. The surface of the leaves under the pink spots are brown spots. When the fruits are damaged, black star-shaped patterns appear on the spots, covered with white powder, and the disease. Crack first and then rot. Control methods: spray 5 degrees lime sulfur before germination, germination, before spraying leaves 2-3 degrees lime sulfur one each. During the growth period, it sprays 2-3 times with 0.2-0.5 degree lime sulfur. Also available 50% thiophanate 500-800 times liquid, 1:1:100-206 times Bordeaux mixture sprayed 3 to 5 times.

Fourth, anthrax: mainly harm the fruit. On the surface of the fruit, water-stained hazel-like spots or snowflake-like lesions occur. Later, they expand into angles, dark browns, and the diseased area is slightly submerged. Many black spots are generated on the fruit surface and arranged in a concentric pattern. Control methods: remove litter, cut off diseased branches, eradicate the pathogen, spray 500 times before germination, or 3 degrees of lime sulfur plus 0.5% sodium pentachlorophenol 1 times. After the end of May, 600-800 times of tetromycin or 300-500 times of Daisen's ring is sprayed once every half month.

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