High-yield Cultivation Techniques of Asparagus

It is one of the high-efficiency economic crops, and it can be harvested for more than 10 years. The annual amount of bamboo shoots picked per mu is generally 2300 kg, and the output value per mu is more than 10,000 yuan. Fresh bamboo shoots are rich in protein, cellulose and a variety of trace elements, and have the functions of promoting blood circulation and preventing cancer. Its high-yield cultivation management technology should focus on the following aspects.

1. Cultivate strong seedlings

In order to obtain high yield of asparagus, in addition to selecting good varieties, firstly establish a nursery for nursery. *The suitable period for nursery establishment is June and the nursery time is about 3 months. From the border on-demand, the row spacing is 16.5 cm × 16.5 cm. The transplanted seedlings should be medium seedlings* with 10-20 roots.

2. Site preparation transplantation

Asparagus likes to grow in tidal sandy loam. Before transplanting, plow and loosen the soil several times and remove impurities in the soil. After fully whitening (time 1-2 months), apply 4000-5000 kg of decomposed farm manure or 100-150 per mu. For kilograms of cake fertilizer, add 150 kilograms of superphosphate and 30 kilograms of potassium chloride. After the manure is spread, the plow is turned over, and the cake fertilizer must be added water to decompose for 8-10 days, then mix the superphosphate and potassium chloride, and apply it to the ditch (30-40 cm deep) after covering the soil to plant the seedlings.

Three, reasonable close planting

The seedling period* is suitable for autumn planting (August-September). Shoot shoots are picked from March to April the next year after planting. The time is short and the survival rate is high. The row spacing of the seedlings is 25 cm × 160 cm. When planting, straighten the roots into two halves, fix them in the planting ditch, with the scale buds facing the midline of the border, and then cover the soil with 5-6 cm, compact and pour the root water.

Fourth, strengthen water and fertilizer management

1. Seedling stage: After planting the seedlings, if you use furrow irrigation, you can irrigate it every 20-25 days*. At the same time, open the drainage ditch to make the ground dry after the rain stops. Apply the first fertilizer 20 days after planting, and use 5 kg of compound fertilizer per mu with 1000 kg of water in a hole or in a furrow. 40-60 days after planting, fertilize every 25-30 days*, apply 25-50 kg of compound fertilizer or 10-20 kg of urea plus 6-12.5 kg of potassium chloride per mu. From 4 months after planting to before picking bamboo shoots, fertilize every 25 days or so. Use 20 kg of urea and 12.5 kg of potassium chloride in furrow. Irrigate after fertilization.

2. Harvest period: During the harvest period, fertilize every 15-20 days*, apply 20 kg of urea and 12.5 kg of potassium chloride per mu. At the same time, pay attention to the opening of Sibian ditch and Tianzhong ditch, draining water on rainy days, and irrigating on sunny days.

Five, fixed mother stem

Approximately 5-6 months after planting, the seedlings are drawn out* after a batch of stems, the mother stems can be selected when the stems are 0.8-l cm thick, and generally 2-3 mature and robust ones with no pests and diseases are selected for each stem. Mother stems, and then pluck out the excess, small or thick stems. Apply 30 kg of urea and 15 kg of potassium chloride per acre before setting the mother stem. After selecting the mother stem, it should be adjusted immediately

Carry out large soil cultivation in the border, cultivate into a 30-40 cm high box border.

6. Prevention and control of pests and diseases

Common diseases of asparagus include stem blight and anthracnose. To prevent stem blight, spray with 70% thiophanate-methyl 600 times solution or 40% carbendazim 500 times solution, spray every 10-15 days* during seedling and seedling stage, and spray every 5-7 days during female stem selection period* ; To prevent anthracnose, use 70% mancozeb 500 times solution, or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times solution, or 80% anthrax thiram wettable powder 800 times solution spray, spray every 10 days*, spray 2 -3 times, but spraying is strictly prohibited 7 days before picking bamboo shoots. Common pests are cutworms and caterpillars. When the caterpillars are 1-2 instars, they can be sprayed with Anlubao 1000 times liquid. The older caterpillars and cutworms can be killed manually.

Seven, change seedlings

The original seedlings begin to age 3-4 months after the bamboo shoots are harvested. At this time, all the seedlings should be pulled out, leaving only the root potatoes, and then ridged and fertilized to attack the potatoes to emerge. Generally, the seedlings are replaced twice a year.

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