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First, grow old sheds that have a longer lifespan. For old sheds that have been planted for many years, soil problems are prominent. In particular, large-scale application of chemical fertilizers and heavy sorghum plantations have resulted in severe soil compaction and salinization, and have affected the normal growth of vegetables. As such a greenhouse, spinach, corn, etc., which have a strong ability to absorb fertilizer and have a function of dissolving and releasing potassium, are suitable for alleviating salt damage. Or can be planted rapeseed, garland chrysanthemum, lettuce, oysters, etc., not only can be used as green manure or livestock feed, in the better market conditions can also be used as part of the sale of vegetables to increase revenue. Some of the old shed root nematodes, cockroaches and other pests and diseases are serious. At this time, marigold, pyrethrum, green onions, etc., which have certain insecticidal and antibacterial effects, can be selected.
Second, a new shed has just been built. The vast majority of newly-built sheds in Shouguang and Qingzhou have excavation structures. Some of them even excavated more than 1.5 meters. The original plowing layer was completely destroyed. The existing soil is all raw soil, and the soil organic matter content is low and microorganisms are few. Poor activity, easy to build. For such a greenhouse, legume green manure with high nutrient content and nitrogen fixing effect is suitable. Clover, alfalfa, soybean and so on are more commonly used in northern China. The nitrogen content of the legume green manure crop was higher than that of the non-bean legume, and 2/3 of the nitrogen in the legume green manure crop (by symbiotic rhizobia) was derived from symbiotic nitrogen fixation.
The vegetable grower should select the appropriate green manure crop according to the soil conditions in his greenhouse. In order to reduce costs, vegetable growers also need to consider the difficulty of obtaining green manure seeds so as not to purchase. If many regions use marigold, clover and other greening roads, vegetable farmers can take the opportunity to collect a large number of seeds; the vast majority of sheds before the shed have some open space, farmers can grow some spinach, wormwood, lettuce, etc., as a system of farming. In general, the amount of sowing of crops as green manure is more than that of normal cultivation. For example, if the amount of rape used is 1-2 kg per mu, the amount of corn used is 7-10 kg, and the amount of spinach is 4-5 kg.
In addition, when the vegetable farmer chooses the green manure variety, he must also consider the length of rest period. Summer green manure grows rapidly, such as planting rapeseed, garland chrysanthemum, spinach, and so on, within one month can produce 1,000 to 2,000 kilograms of green manure per acre, while clover, coneflower, marigold, green onions and other growth stages need to be longer, generally two Months or so is good.
Seizing the key points to increase the output of green manure It is relatively simple to grow green manure, but it is not to say that it will be done when seeds are sprinkled in the shed. If you want to increase the yield of green manure and enhance the effect, you must also seize the key points for planting.
First, seed dressing with rhizobial bacteria. Leguminous green manures, in particular, milk vetch, mung bean, etc., are preferably seeded with rhizobia prior to sowing in order to increase their nodule growth and nitrogen fixation capacity.
Secondly, after the soil test, the fertilizer should be supplemented as needed. As a fertilizer to improve soil organic matter, green manure needs to absorb the nutrients in the soil to complete its self-growth in order to exert its effects. Therefore, as a plant itself, the growth of green manure also requires a certain supply of fertilizer. When we cultivate green manure crops, we also hope that the higher the yield, the better. The higher the yield, the more organic matter that is obtained, the stronger the ability to improve the soil, and the better the soil properties.
Most of the greenhouses, especially the old shed soil, have sufficient nutrients. There is no need for special fertilizer for planting green manure, but there are also some greenhouses that require fertilization, such as newly built sheds or partial sheds where nutrient is severely depleted, and the reporter is in the soil of Shouguang City. According to the data obtained from the Fertilizer Testing Center, many potashes and cucumbers have excessive potassium levels exceeding 2000 mg/kg after potting, and nitrogen fertilizers are severely deficient, reaching less than 90 mg/kg. It is recommended that vegetable farmers change their soil nutrient status before changing fertilization, so that they can have a good idea and target and improve the effect of fertilizer application.
Different greenhouses should choose to grow different green manure
The variety of green manure is very diverse. According to botany, it can be divided into legume green manure and non-legume green manure. Legume green manure, such as alfalfa, clover, soybean, cowpea, mung bean, purple cloud, etc., root rhizobia symbiotic, can fix nitrogen fertilizer, improve soil fertility. In addition to legume green manure crops, there are also cruciferous cabbages, rapeseeds, and radishes that can be used for both food and fat, and lettuces, garland chrysanthemums, etc. of the Asteraceae family, and spinach, etc., as well as medicinal plants. ), Ginger, etc. Even corn, green onions, etc. can be used as green manure crops. Of course, the green manure crops suitable for planting in different conditions are also different.