Brief Introduction of Integrated Prevention and Control Techniques of Wheat Diseases and Pests
Wheat interplanting corn is a major reform of intercropping techniques in the Yellow River irrigation area. In 1999, the wheat area covered by wheat in the whole region accounted for more than 90% of the wheat planting area. This has a very significant effect on improving the yield of food crops. With the promotion of this technology, the wheat diseases and insect pests in wheat have become increasingly serious. The prevention and control technologies of major pests and diseases are now described as follows: 1. Based on agricultural control: (1) Select seeds: selected resistance (resistant) pests and diseases, wheat and The seeds of corn must be carefully selected to eliminate pests, grains, and impurities, improve purity and quality, reach full seedlings and strong seedlings, and increase resistance to pests and diseases. (b) The implementation of the rotation is down. Rational rotation can maintain the balance of soil nutrients and microorganisms. The prevention and treatment of wheat full-blown disease, root rot, corn smut and underground pests have a certain effect. Therefore, paddy crop rotation should be carried out in the area where wheat is planted. (3) In combination with autumn fertilization, deep turning is performed. The deep-turning of the plant destroys the habitats of pests and insects, turning the surface of the soil surface overwintering pests to death in the soil, thereby reducing the density of overwintering pests and diseases, eliminating weeds, and improving the growth environment of wheat. (d) Remove the roots and weeds from fields and fields. Field stems and field weeds and root weeds are wintering sites for some pests and diseases. The roots of corn and rice are the primary sources of infestation of wheat scab, and they should be combined with spring sowing preparations to burn or bury them deeply. Field stem weeds were sprayed with herbicides and insecticides to prevent the weeds. (5) Reasonably formulate the ratio of spacing, rationally promote control, and apply fertilizer rationally. Apply more organic fertilizer, apply nitrogen fertilizer, increase phosphate fertilizer. Coordinate the growth of the symbiotic period and enhance their resistance to pests and diseases. Second, chemical control, scientific application (a) pesticide seed dressing: 1, with seed weight 0.2-0.3% Triadimefon, hydroxycamptothecin, thiram, carbendazim and other pesticides in a seed dressing, can prevent total eclipse Disease, root rot, smut. Triadimefon or oxytetramine can also be used to treat wheat rust and powdery mildew. 2. 0.3% phoxim EC can be used to prevent underground pests such as cockroaches, cockroaches, golden beetles and ground tigers. Seed coating agents can be used directly where conditions permit. (b) soil application. With 3% phoxim granules or an enemy powder 2 kg per mu, mixed with 20 kg of fine sand, combined with spring sowing the field evenly spread in the field, can control underground pests and wheat midge. (c) foliar spray: 1, with 50% anti-inferiority WP 15 g per mu, 40% dimethoate EC 50 ml per mu; 80% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate 50 ml per mu; 20% kill sterilized ester EC Mu 20 ml; 2.5% deltamethrin EC 25 ml per mu; 50% phoxim EC 50 ml per mu; 90% crystal trichlorfon 100 g per mu. The above medicaments are used for different pests, one of which is selected, and 50 kg of water per acre is sprayed to prevent and control pests such as wheat bran, midge, corn borer, armyworm, and corn borer. 2, with 25% triadimefon wettable powder, 75 grams of water per acre 50 kg spray, can prevent wheat rust, powdery mildew; with 50% carbendazim WP or 40% glue suspension 100 grams per acre, add water, 50 kg Spraying, can control wheat scab 3, with 5% Nisuoliang EC 75-100ml per mu, 73% District special EC 30-50 ml per mu; 20% Chloride Chlorocyanine EC 50-50 75ml; 40% omethoate EC 50-75ml, optional one, add water 50kg, can prevent corn leafhopper.