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1 Ecological characteristics Xanthoceras sorbifolia is naturally distributed in Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, Hebei, Inner Mongolia and Gansu. The roots of Xanthoceras sorbifolia are well-developed, have strong sprouting and fast growth, and are highly adaptable to the soil. They are resistant to salt and alkali, and can grow well on sandy lands, clay fields, and rock bare ground. It is very resistant to cold and it is not affected by freezing at temperatures of -40°C. Drought resistance is also very strong. There are also scattered trees in Ningxia with an annual precipitation of only 148.2mm. However, impatience, poorly drained low-lying land, heavy saline-alkali land and unfixed sand 5 are not suitable for planting.
2 Breeding Techniques Xanthoceras sorbifolia is mainly planted by sowing, but it can also be divided into cultivars, roots and tissue culture. Seeding seedlings are generally grown after the fruit matures in the fall, and the seeds are removed and sand layered (3:1 sand ratio) treatments are performed. Because the seed coat of Xanthoceras sorbifolia is thick and oily, it is difficult to absorb water, and direct seeding has a very low germination rate. Before freezing, dry the seed with water for 4 to 5 days, change the water once a day, and then mix the seeds with wet sand (hands clumped and loosened) and store it in the air for 120 days. Above, when the seeds of Hunchun are sprouted, they are sown. If the sand burying process is available in the future, soak seeds for 48 hours, remove the seeds, and mix 3 times of river sand in a room at 25°C. After 6 days, see more than 80% of seed cracks and sow. Usually sowed in mid-April to early May, the per acre sowing rate of 15kg, in the surface of the ditch planting, plant spacing 10cm15cm. Bottom water must be fed before sowing to ensure that seedlings need water and reduce the number of watering seedlings to prevent root rot. When planting, the umbilicals should be laid flat, so that they can be rooted at a depth of about 3 cm and gently repressed.
Dividing seedlings is to excavate sprouting seedlings from the roots of strong trees, separate and size seedlings, and transplant them according to the appropriate plant spacing. The rooting and cutting seedlings were rooted from a mature mother plant with roots cut to a length of 0.3 cm or more and cut into 15 cm lengths. The roots were inserted into soil and the apex was lower than the ground surface by 2 to 3 cm. The method of tissue culture is to sterilize the young shoots, tender stems or seeds of Xanthoceras sorbifolia and plant them in medium of Ms+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+2,4-D 1.0 mg/L+NAA 1.0 mg/L for 40-45 days induction. The callus was used and the callus was then inoculated into the same medium for rapid proliferation. After reaching the required amount, the seedlings were differentiated in a B5+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L+Ac 1.0 mg/L medium, and the seedlings were rooted.
3 Planting and management of Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings are afraid of waterlogging, and when the seedlings are out of the plant, they must be treated with less water to avoid loosening of the seedlings. When the seedling height 10 ~ 15cm time seedlings, such as lack of seedlings should be planted, plant spacing 20cm. Seedlings and supplementary plants are carried out on cloudy days or late afternoons. More fertile nursery land to be less nitrogen fertilizer, more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, so as not to grow long, lodging. Seedling period slightly shaded.
2 to 3 years old fruit crown can be transplanted to build a garden, the best time for transplantation in the spring of 2 to 3 months, autumn can also be transplanted in October. Plant spacing 3m3m, can be planted 74 per acre. Dig 50cm holes in the ground, wide and deep, and apply 15kg of fertilizer. When starting the seedlings, avoid root injury. After the root injury, it is very easy to cause rot, because its root system has poor callus ability. When planting, the seedlings are straightened and the root system is stretched. When seedlings are planted, they should be slightly lower than the pit surface, not too deep, and finally be practical. Repair the water pan and water it in time. In order to improve the survival rate, the water can be covered with a thin film on the tree tray after the water is permeated, which can not only keep the water but also increase the ground temperature.
According to the growth law of the root system of Xanthoceras sorbifolia, the topdressing should be carried out in mid-May, and no later than the first half of June. The application of 5 kg of P and K fertilizer and 9 kg of vegetation ash should be followed by another fertilizer in mid-August. In September, work hard to loosen the soil and diligently rake the grass to increase the temperature of the ground and accelerate the growth of autumn.
The strong rooting ability of Xanthoceras sorbifolia is very likely to affect its growth and the shape of the crown. Therefore, it is necessary to combine the cultivating and weeding methods to eradicate it. The fruit can be flowered at the age of 4 years. In order to facilitate the harvest of the fruit, the main stem-shaped pruning should be adopted. The trunk height should be 50 to 60 cm and the main branch should be 3 to 4 to make the main branch open at a large angle. Evenly, the crown is semi-circular. During the flowering period, water and fertilizer management was strengthened, nitrogen fertilizer was applied before flowering, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were applied during fruit expansion. In the new slightly growing, flowering fruit set and fruit expansion period, should also be properly watered to promote the growth and development of fruit trees, so as to obtain stable production and high yield. Appropriate trimming of over-tipped shoots will allow the crown to be airy and clear and increase the amount of results. Drain the rainy season to prevent rot.
Xanthoceras sorbifolia seedlings and planting techniques
Wenguan Guo, also known as Wen Guan Guo, Cliff Papaya, and Mountain Papaya, belongs to the genus Saxifragaceae. It is a deciduous tree or a large shrub. It has a beautiful plant type and is a unique precious tree species in China. Tender fruit has unique flavor and strong aroma. It can be eaten raw, canned and processed, and can also be used as a special dish to push the table. Its seed oil content is up to 50%, its oil yellow is transparent, its taste is delicious, and it also has the effect of lowering blood pressure. The fruit pod extract of Xanthoceras sorbifolia is a special drug for the treatment of children with bed-wetting, urinary leakage, and urinary frequency in the elderly. Its economic potential is very large and its planting scale is growing.