How to increase the hatching rate of ostriches

(A) Scientific feeding and management 1. Full price balanced nutrition. The nutritional level of ostriches is the basic factor affecting the hatching rate. The requirement for metabolic energy in the breeding period of ostriches is 11.3 kJ/kg, crude fat should be limited to 6%--8%, protein is 18%--24%, At the same time pay attention to the supply of several amino acids (%): arginine 1.04, lysine 0.86, methionine + cystine 0.73, phenylalanine 0.95, proline 1.02; crude fiber content of 10%, calcium 4% --- 4.5%, available phosphorus 0.4%, sodium 0.3%, magnesium 0.25%, vitamin E 80 international units / kg, should pay attention to the quality of green feed, appropriate supplement pantothenic acid and other trace elements. According to studies, adult ostriches in the breeding season, the nutritional content of the diet fed is low-energy, high-protein, high-fiber, and use meat and bone meal, blood meal instead of fish meal, you can get a higher hatching rate. 2. Health management. First, you should maintain proper exercise and control your weight. During the laying period, ostriches should be prevented from overweight or overweight, otherwise they will affect reproduction. Second, the proportion of males to females should be reasonable, generally 1:2. If males are indeed excellent, they can be increased to 1:3--4. Finally, daily management should be strengthened, ostrich egg nests should be properly set up, manure and quail eggs should be removed in a timely manner, aviaries should be kept clean and dry, bacterial contamination prevented, and public birds with no fertility or lack of ability to cross should be eliminated. At the same time, ostrich breeding should be carried out. During the period, do not change the bar, change the breeder, or drive the ostrich abruptly to avoid the stress caused by frightening ostriches. Disinfect the aviaries and sports grounds regularly, quarantine and prevent epidemics, and keep the flock healthy. (b) Strictly choose eggs. Eggs must come from an excellent and healthy bird population. When selecting eggs, thin shell eggs, sand shell eggs, preserved eggs, and eggs that are too big, too small, too flat, too round, and have too large a contaminated area are picked out. For freshly-produced eggs should not be immediately hatched, to store more than 24 hours, but it is best not more than 6 days, the preservation temperature of 15 °C is appropriate. If the shelf life is longer than 6 days, the temperature should be reduced. The relative humidity of the preserved eggs should be 70%--80%, and pay attention to the ventilation of the storage room. When the eggs are kept, they should head down and flip once a day. (C) improve the sanitation and disinfection measures 1. ostrich egg storage room disinfection. Wipe the floor with disinfectant once every 2 days, thoroughly clean and sterilize every 2 weeks, and fumigate with formalin solution. 2. Disinfection of eggs. When the ostriches lay eggs, the breeder must use sterile gauze to catch them and then send them to the incubator for disinfection. The disinfection dose is 37% formalin, 42 ml, and 21 g potassium permanganate for 30 minutes. If not, wipe the surface dirt with a gauze soaked in disinfectant and immediately send it to the incubator for disinfection. Before incubating, soak for 20-30 seconds with a disinfectant (temperature not exceeding 40°C), then dry the eggs with a sterile dry gauze and incubate. 3. Incubation chamber disinfection. Incubator floor is wiped once every two days with disinfectant, walls and ceilings are sprayed once every half month with disinfectant, and once a month, full cleaning is performed. 4. Disinfection of the incubator. Before each incubation, the inside and outside of the incubator and the surface should be wiped with a disinfectant and then formalin-based fumigation. (d) Suitable incubation conditions 1. Proper temperature. Experience has shown that when the room temperature is at 18-25°C, the incubation temperature is best controlled at 37°C if a constant temperature incubation method is used, and the incubation temperature can be appropriately reduced with room temperature. Variable temperature incubation can also be used to divide the incubation period into the early, middle and late stages. The temperature can be controlled to 36.5°C, 36°C, and 35.5°C, respectively. The relative humidity is 22%, 23% and 25% respectively. In addition, the eggs can be hatched in three grades of large, medium, small or heavy, medium and light, which can increase the hatching rate and the rate of hatching. 2. The right humidity. For the constant temperature incubation method, the pre-incubation humidity can be controlled at 20% - 25%, and the humidity transferred into the hatching machine should be relatively high, usually 30% - 40%, and the relatively high humidity in the later period is favorable for the chick pecking. 3. Reasonable ventilation and cool eggs. Embryo development requires fresh air and sufficient oxygen, carbon dioxide and various harmful gases should not exceed the standard, so regular ventilation should be carried out. The ostrich eggs have a larger volume and thicker shells. In particular, there are more heat production in the later period. Attention should be paid to cool eggs. (e) The correct incubation process. When incubating, be sure to make the ostrich eggs face upwards, separate the batches according to the storage period and the egg production period, carefully record, try not to mix, so as not to cause confusion in the hatching; during hatching process to turn the eggs; hatching program is : Egg selection--→Disinfection--→Storage room--→Incubation room--→Incubation--→Disinfection-→Out bird--→Erect birds to prevent cross-infection.

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