Fruit tree basal fertilizer is not all autumn

Fruit-based basal fertilizers are generally applied in the fall, and most fruit tree production instructors are required to do so. However, according to the development of different fruit trees and the characteristics of fertilizer requirements, this “one size fits all” approach is not desirable. Autumn basal application is suitable for late-maturing fruit trees, but it is not suitable for early-maturing fruit trees. For example, big cherries, fruit growth period is very short, from flowering to fruit picking are concentrated in the spring of about 50 days, in such a short period of time, fruit trees, long leaves, flowering, fruiting simultaneously, and the fruit tree leaf nutrition transition period Not yet completed, it is impossible to provide a large amount of new nutrients to the tree body. Only by relying on nutrients accumulated in the tree for one year to complete all these activities. Therefore, maximizing the nutrient accumulation level of the tree in the previous year is the main purpose of fertilization for big cherries. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to extend the tree's nutrient accumulation time and increase the amount of nutrient accumulation in the management of the previous year. If the base fertilizer is applied immediately after the big cherry fruit is picked, it is very beneficial to achieve this goal. If the basal fertilizer of early fruit trees is applied immediately after fruit picking, the fruit trees will have sufficient nutrient supply during the growing period from fruit picking to deciduous period, and there will also be longer time for tree nutrient accumulation. With sufficient nutrition, the flower buds formed are also full, which is very beneficial to resist the frost damage in the spring of the following year. If the basal fertilizer of early fruit trees is applied in the fall, the fruit trees will soon stop growing in the fallen leaves. Not only will the absorption time of fertilizers be shortened, but also it will shorten the nutrient accumulation time of summer trees before fertilization. At the same time, autumn basal fertilization will inevitably dig trenches and cut off roots, which in turn destroys the accumulation of nutrients in the previous section of trees and affects the fruit growth in the following year. Of course, in the summer, the basal fertilizer should also be digged and rooted, but at this time, root cut-off inhibits the vegetative growth of the fruit tree to a certain extent, and the fruit tree is transformed into reproductive growth, which is beneficial to the formation of flower buds. This point is very meaningful for some fruit trees that need to control vegetative growth and promote reproductive growth in the summer, such as large cherries, can greatly reduce the application of chemical inhibitors such as paclobutrazol. In the past, fruit growers also used the term “monthly sub-fertilizers” for fruit trees. The base fertilizer Xiashi of early-maturing fruit trees had the same place as the “monthly sub-fertilizers,” but there were more fertilizers and organic fertilizers. This is true not only for large cherries, but also for all early-maturing northern fruit trees such as early- ripe apples and peaches. Of course, there are also some special attention to be paid to Xia Shi from the base fertilizer compared with the fall application. First, the high temperature in the summer, the application of organic fertilizer must be thoroughly fermented, otherwise it will be heated at high temperatures after the application of heat-induced root injury. It is best to use high-quality bio-organic fertilizers. These fertilizers have high levels of beneficial microorganisms, high activity after application in the hot season, and are conducive to the development of fruit tree roots. The second is the fertilization at this time, and it is not advisable to incorporate large amounts of inorganic fertilizers such as urea and ternary compound fertilizers in organic fertilizers. Because after early fruit picking, the burden on the tree is reduced. Absorbing a large amount of nitrogen can easily lead to summer shoots and affect flower bud differentiation. It is suggested that inorganic fertilizer with high potassium content and a small amount of quick-acting phosphorus fertilizer such as potassium sulfate are incorporated into organic fertilizers at this time, which is favorable for the development of shoots and flower bud differentiation of fruit trees. The third is the fruit Xia Shiji fertilizer, after the top of the fruit tree in the fall, you can apply nitrogen fertilizer and calcium fertilizer, using the method of flushing with water or shallow ditch buried method, nitrogen fertilizer can also be sprayed on the leaves before the fall, do not dig deep ditch , so as not to damage the roots of fruit trees.

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