Causes of winter dead seedlings in wheat fields and preventive measures

During the winter of wheat, it is during the low-temperature and dry season, which often results in the loss of crops due to overwintering. The main reasons for winter dead seedlings are natural factors and human factors. In terms of natural factors, they are mainly low-temperature freezing and drought loss, or drought and cold, “drought drought and coldness” and aggravating dead seedlings.
1. Freeze-injured seedlings can generally be divided into two situations: one is that because the temperature is too low, the minimum temperature limit that can be tolerated by the wheat seedlings is exceeded, thus freezing the wheat seedlings. The other is that because the temperature is high and low, and the change is drastic, the cells of the seedlings suddenly freeze, destroying the normal structure of the cells, or melting suddenly after freezing, and the cells cannot absorb the melted water and evaporate or leak out of the body. Therefore, it caused dead seedlings.

2. There are two cases of drought dead seedlings. One is the lack of soil moisture. During the wintering process, the ground continuously evaporates and loses water, causing drought and lack of moisture. The wheat seedlings do not absorb water and die. The other is that although the soil is not lacking, most of the winter wheat roots are frozen in the frozen soil layer and cannot be absorbed or absorbed. In the early winter or early spring, during the daytime, the temperature is often higher than 0°C, and the aboveground part is continuously transpiration. In addition, the winter wind is less snowy and the air is dry. The water absorbed by the roots of the wheat can not compensate for the evaporative loss of water on the ground, and the plants cannot maintain normal The water balance formed into less branches and more, resulting in physiological drought, so that the aboveground parts gradually dehydrated and dried up. If the surface of the soil is too dry to dry below the tillering section, then the tillering section will be dehydrated, thus causing the death of the whole plant and the death of the winter wheat. In addition to natural factors, it is also caused by artificial reasons such as sowing of cold winter varieties with poor cold resistance, or extensive planting and poor management at seedling stage. Practice has proved that as long as it is a meticulous species, no matter whether it is killed or chilled, it can be avoided or mitigated. So, how to prevent dead seedlings in winter and ensure safe wintering of wheat seedlings?

1. Use cold-resistant, drought-resistant and salt-resistant alkaline varieties: Do not plant spring or semi-winter varieties. Dry-land wheat fields should not be planted with hi-favored varieties; saline-alkali areas should be salt-tolerant.

2, pay attention to improve the quality of sowing: In particular, pay attention to grasping enough base fertilizer, appropriate sowing, and the next three kinds of key links. Seeding should not be too deep or too shallow. It is better to use an inch or a half depth. We must also pay attention to the consistency of the cover soil. Wheat seedlings can be neat and robust.

3. Strengthen seedling management: Various measures must be taken to promote wheat seedlings in full, homogeneous, uniform, and to achieve strong seedlings through the winter to improve the cold resistance and drought resistance of wheat seedlings. We must also take measures to promote weak and prosperous conditions so as to prevent the emergence of late weak seedlings, excessive vigorous seedlings and leggy seedlings.

4, do a good job winter management: Before winter, we must focus on doing a good job pouring frozen water, and make-up wax fertilizer.

Years of experience have proven that as long as the above measures are carefully addressed, winter wheat seedlings can be prevented.

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